Final Review

Multiple ChoiceIdentify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. Which of the following is a pair of scalar quantities?

a. Speed Distance c. Velocity Displacement b. Velocity Distance d. Speed Displacement

____ 2. Which of the following is a pair of vector quantities?

a. Speed Distance c. Velocity Displacement b. Velocity Distance d. Speed Displacement

____ 3. Which of the following is NOT an example of accelerated motion?

a. a boulder falling off of a cliff in a straight path b. an airplane taking off down a straight runway c. a bicyclist moving in a straight line at constant speed d. a ball being thrown straight up

____ 4. Which of the following is NOT an example of accelerated motion?

a. a book thrown off a building b. a skateboarder going down a rail c. a car using cruise control on the highway d. a motorcycle making a U-turn

____ 5. If you drop a feather and a coin at the same time in a tube filled with air, which will reach the bottom of the tube first?

a. The feather b. Neitherthey will both reach the bottom at the same time. c. The coin

____ 6. If you drop a feather and a coin at the same time in a tube without air, which will reach the bottom of the tube first?

a. The feather b. Neitherthey will both reach the bottom at the same time. c. The coin

____ 7. A pencil lies on your desk. If the Earth is moving around the sun at a speed of 30 km/s, how fast is the pencil movingrelativeto

the desk? How fast is the pencil movingrelativeto the sun? a. 0 km/s; 0 km/s b. 0 km/s; 30 km/s c. 30 km/s; 30 km/s d. There is not enough information to answer these questions.

____ 8. A train travels 6 meters in the first second of travel, 6 meters again during the second second of travel, and 6 meters again

during the third second. Its acceleration is a. 0 m/s². b. 6 m/s². c. 12 m/s². d. 18 m/s².

____ 9. Suppose you take a trip that covers 180 km and takes 3 hours to make. Your trip's speed is

a. 30 km/h. b. 60 km/h. c. 180 km/h. d. 360 km/h.

____ 10. A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path its velocity is

a. 0 m/s. b. about 5 m/s. c. about 10 m/s. d. about 20 m/s.

____ 11. A ball is thrown straight up. At the top of its path its acceleration is

a. 0 m/s². b. about -5 m/s². c. about -10 m/s². d. about 10 m/s².

____ 12. Which of the following would NOT be considered a projectile?

a. A cannonball thrown straight up c. A cannonball rolling off a table b. A cannonball rolling down a slope d. A cannonball thrown through the air

____ 13. The horizontal component of a projectile's velocity is independent of

a. the range of the projectile. b. time. c. the vertical component of its

velocity.

____ 14. In the absence of air friction, the vertical component of a projectile's velocity doesn't change as the projectile moves.

a. Always false b. Always true c. Sometimes true

____ 15. In the absence of air friction, the horizontal component of a projectile's velocity doesn't change as the projectile moves.

a. Sometimes true b. Always true c. Always false

____ 16. A ball is thrown into the air at some angle. At the very top of the ball's path, its velocity is

a. entirely vertical. b. There's not enough information given to determine. c. both vertical and horizontal. d. entirely horizontal.

____ 17. A cannonball is fired at some angle into the air. In the first second it moves 5 meters horizontally. Assuming it doesn't hit the

ground and air resistance is negligible, how far does it move horizontally in the next second? a. More than 5 m b. Less than 5 m c. 5 m

____ 18. A soldier throws a grenade horizontally from the top of a cliff. Which of the following curves best describes the path taken by

the grenade? a. Circle b. Ellipse c. Hyperbola d. Parabola

____ 19. An object that is shot through the air is called a

a. protractor. b. projectile. c. parabola. d. proboscis.

____ 20. At the instant a ball is thrown horizontally with a large force, an identical ball is dropped from the same height. Which ball hits

the ground first? a. Neither. They both hit the ground at the same time. b. The dropped ball c. The horizontally thrown ball

____ 21. Which law explains why when you put a book on a table the table pushes on the book?

a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 22. Which law explains that as a swimmer pushes water back with her arms, her body moves forward?

a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 23. Which law explains that when you are standing up on a bus and the bus suddenly stops, your body continues to go forward?

a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 24. Which law explains that when a little girl is pulling a sled behind her on the snow, when she stops to tie her shoe, the sled keeps

moving and hits her in the back of the leg? a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 25. Which law explains that after you start up a motorcycle, as you give it more gas, it goes faster?

a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 26. Which law explains that a pitched baseball goes faster than one that is gently thrown?

a. 1st Law b. 2nd Law c. 3rd Law

____ 27. An unfortunate bug splatters against the windshield of a moving car. Compared to the force of the car on the bug, the force of

the bug on the car is a. larger. b. the same. c. smaller.

____ 28. An unfortunate bug splatters against the windshield of a moving car. Compared to the deceleration of the car, the deceleration

of the bug is a. larger. b. the same. c. smaller.

____ 29. The force acting on a cart doubles. What happens to the cart's acceleration?

a. It doubles b. It quadruples c. It halves d. It quarters

____ 30. The force acting on a cart halves. What happens to the cart's acceleration?

a. It doubles b. It quadruples c. It halves d. It quarters

____ 31. What is the definition of weight?

a. the force that gravity pulls on an object c. the amount of matter in an object b. the time it takes to get on a ride d. the size of an object

____ 32. What is the definition of mass?

a. the force that gravity pulls on an object c. the amount of matter in an object b. the time it takes to get on a ride d. the size of an object

____ 33. After a cannonball is fired into frictionless space, the amount of force needed to keep it going equals

a. zero, since no force is necessary to keep it moving. b. twice the force with which it was fired. c. one half the force with which it was fired. d. the same amount of force with which it was fired.

____ 34. A boy pushes a box with 4 N leftward, while a girl pushes the same box with 20 N rightward. What is the net force acting on the

box?

a. 0 N. b. 4 N. c. 16 N. d. 20 N.

____ 35. A boy pushes a box to the right with 19 N. A girl pushes the same box to the left with 5 N. What is the net force acting on the

box? a. 0 N. b. 5 N. c. 14 N. d. 19 N. ____ 36. A tow truck exerts a force of 2000 N on a car, accelerating it at 1 m/s². What is the mass of the car?

a. 667 kg b. 1000 kg c. 2000 kg d. 8000 kg

____ 37. A jet has a mass of 40,000 kg. The thrust foreachof the four engines is 20,000 N. What is the jet's acceleration when taking off?

a. 0.3 m/s²b. 0.5 m/s²c. 1 m/s²d. 2 m/s²

____ 38. The mass of a lamb that weighs 110 N is about

a. 1 kg. b. 11 kg. c. 110 kg. d. 1100 kg.

____ 39. How much does a 3.0 kg bag of bolts weigh?

a. -7.2 N b. -14.4 N c. -22.8 N d. -29.4 N

____ 40. The momentum of an object depends upon the object's ___________&_____________.

a. size and shape c. mass and velocity b. mass and speed d. mass and energy

____ 41. If two objects collide and stick together, what will happen to their velocities?

a. velocities will increase c. velocities will stay the same b. velocities will decrease d. none of the above

____ 42. If two objects collide and stick together, what will happen to their overall momentum?

a. momentum will increase c. momentum will stay the same b. momentum will decrease d. none of the above

____ 43. When the speed of an object is doubled, its momentum

a. remains unchanged c. quadruples b. doubles d. halves

____ 44. If the momentum of an object changes and its mass remains constant,

a. it is accelerating c. there is a force acting on it b. its velocity is changing d. all of the above

____ 45. The purpose of crumple zones on a car is to

a. decrease time of impact. c. increase force of impact. b. increase the time of impact. d. decrease the impulse during impact.

____ 46. The reason padded dashboards are used in cars is that during a collision they

a. increase the time of impact. c. increase the force of impact. b. decrease the impulse. d. decrease the momentum.

____ 47. The total momentum before the collision is ____________ the total momentum after the collision. a. less than b. the same as c. more than

____ 48. An egg is thrown at a wall and then at a bed sheet. The force of impact will be

a. Greater against the wall b. Force is equal c. Greater against the sheet

____ 49. Cart A is pulled with 2 N for 2 seconds, and Cart B is pulled with a 1 N for 3 seconds. Which cart experiences the greater

impulse? a. Cart B b. Cart A c. they are the same

____ 50. A 2.0 kg basketball has a momentum of 4.0 kgm/s. What is the ball's speed?

a. 0.5 m/s b. 2.0 m/s c. 4.0 m/s d. 8.0 m/s

____ 51. A bowling ball is moving at 6.0 m/s and has a momentum of 24.0 kgm/s. What is the ball's mass?

a. 0.3 kg b. 4.0 kg c. 24.0 kg d. 144.0 kg

____ 52. A soccer ball experiences an impulse of 4.0 Ns over 2.0 s . How much force was exerted on the ball?

a. 0.5 N b. 2.0 N c. 4.0 N d. 8.0 N

____ 53. A baseball experiences an impulse of 48.0 Ns when a force of 8.0 N acts on it. How long was the force applied to the ball?

a. 0.2 s b. 6.0 s c. 48.0 s d. 384.0 s

____ 54. Which of the following is a true statement?

a. Energy can be created or destroyed. c. Energy is the rate of doing power. b. Energy can be stored or transferred. d. The unit for energy is the Watt.

____ 55. Why does the total amount of energy stay constant in a system?

a. energy is not created or destroyed c. energy is lost b. energy is gained d. energy is not converted

____ 56. A red car and blue car are raised to the same elevation on service-station lifts. If the red car is twice as massive as the blue, how

does the potential energy of the red car compare to the blue car? a. PE of the blue car c. 2x PE of the blue car b. PE of the blue car d. 4x PE of the blue car

____ 57. Objects have kinetic energy because of their mass and...

a. distance b. velocity c. acceleration d. force

____ 58. Kinetic energy is the energy of an object that is due to the object's _____.

a. inertia b. momentum c. motion d. position

____ 59. Objects can have potential energy because of a spring constant or

a. height b. velocity c. acceleration d. force

____ 60. Potential energy is the energy of an object that is due to the object's _____.

a. inertia b. momentum c. motion d. position

____ 61. Where on the U ramp did the skateboarder have the most potential energy?

a. At the top b. Partially down c. At the bottom.

____ 62. Where on the U ramp did the skateboarder have the most kinetic energy?

a. At the top b. Partially down c. At the bottom.

____ 63. When the distance an object moves is zero, the work done on the object is also zero.

a. Always true b. Depends on situation c. Always false

____ 64. How much work is being done when a student holds a 3 kg grapefruit at 2.7 m above the ground?

a. 0 J b. 2.7 J c. 8.1 J d. 79.4 J

____ 65. How much work is being done with 243 N of force over 436 meters?

a. 105948 J b. 0.56 J c. 1.79 J d. 679 J

____ 66. How much force is used to move an object 325 meters with 193 J of work?

a. 62725 N b. 0.59 N c. 1.68 N d. 518 N

____ 67. How far did an object move if 366 J of work uses 229 N?

a. 83814 m b. 0.63 m c. 1.6 m d. 595 m

____ 68. What is the kinetic energy of a 7 kg toy car that has a speed of 5 m/s?

a. 87.5 J b. 17.5 J c. 175 J d. 122.5 J

____ 69. What is the mass of a toy car that has a speed of 4 m/s and 57 J of energy?

a. 28.5 kg b. 7.1 kg c. 14.3 kg d. 0.07 kg

____ 70. What is the potential energy of a trampoline that has spring constant of 5 N/m and is stretched 1.2 m?

a. 6.5 J b. 5.4 J c. 13 J d. 48.6 J

____ 71. What is the spring constant of a trampoline that is stretched 1.8 m and 62 J of energy?

a. 68.9 kg b. 34.4 kg c. 34.4 kg d. 0.03 kg

____ 72. What is the potential energy of a 8 kg book at 4 m off the ground?

a. 32 J b. 39.2 J c. 313.6 J d. 627.2 J

____ 73. What is the mass of a book at 4 m off the ground and 71 J of energy?

a. 174 kg b. 1.8 kg c. 17.8 kg d. 0.06 kg

____ 75. Who stated that "every object in the universe attracts every other object"?

a. Newton b. Kepler c. Hooke

____ 76. What is the direction of the force that acts on clothes in the spin cycle of a washing machine?

a. Inward b. Down c. Outward d. Tangential

____ 77. The velocity is always _____ to the line of a circle.

a. outwards b. towards center c. tangent d. faster

____ 78. If the mass of Earth increased, with no change in radius, your weight would _____. a. stay the same b. decrease c. increase

____ 79. If the radius of Earth decreased, with no change in mass, your weight would _____. a. not change b. increase c. decrease

____ 80. Speedy, the sloth,weighs 90 pounds on Earth. How much will Speedy weigh on the moon?

a. 0 lbs b. 15 lbs c. 90 lbs d. 180 lbs

____ 81. Inky, the octopus, weighs 360 pounds on Earth. How much will Inky weigh on Jupiter?

a. 0 lbs b. 60 lbs c. 360 lbs d. 920 lbs

____ 84. Which planet would have the longest year?

a. Mercury b. Mars c. Jupiter d. Neptune

____ 85. The fastest moving planet in a solar system is _____.

a. Mercury b. Mars c. Jupiter d. Neptune

____ 86. A child spins a yo-yo. In 30 seconds, it spins 6 times. What is its period?

a. 2 s b. 5 s c. 10 s d. 30 s

____ 87. An amusement park ride completes a revolution in 10 s. If it has a radius of 10 m, what is its velocity?

a. 2 m/s b. m/s c. 20 m/s d. 10 m/s

____ 89. In order to form an electric circuit, you need to have

a. wires or conductors to connect everything. b. a power source. c. a light bulb or some resistance. d. a complete path for the current. e. all of the above

____ 90. In order for current to flow in a circuit, you must have

a. a switch that is open. b. a complete path for the current. c. two light bulbs in parallel. d. two light bulbs in series. e. all of the above

____ 91. When resistors are put in series next to each other, their overall resistance is

a. the same as the resistance of one of the resistors. b. larger than the resistance of any individual resistor. c. smaller than the resistance of any of the resistors.

____ 92. When resistors are put in parallel with each other their overall resistance is

a. smaller than the resistance of any of the resistors. b. larger than the resistance of any other resistor. c. the same as the resistance of one of the resistors.

____ 93. As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the circuit

a. stays the same. b. increases. c. decreases.

____ 94. As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the circuit

a. increases. b. stays the same. c. decreases.

____ 95. When one light bulb in a series circuit containing several light bulbs burns out

a. none of the other bulbs will light up. b. nothing changes in the rest of the circuit. c. the other light bulbs burn brighter.

____ 96. When one light bulb in a parallel circuit containing several light bulbs burns out, the other light bulbs

a. do not burn at all. b. burn brighter. c. burn the same as before.

____ 99. An electric field has

a. direction. b. magnitude. c. Both A and B

____ 100. Two like charges

a. neutralize each other. c. must be neutrons. b. repel each other. d. attract each other.

____ 102. The total resistance of a 10-ohm resistor and a 7-ohm resistor in series is

a. 2 ohms. b. 3 ohms. c. 7 ohms. d. 17 ohms.

____ 103. The total resistance of a 6-ohm resistor and a 12-ohm resistor in parallel is

a. 4 ohms. b. 6 ohms. c. 18 ohms. d. 20 ohms.

____ 104. The current through a 5-ohm resistor connected to a 150-V power supply is

a. 1A. b. 10 A. c. 30 A. d. 150 A.

____ 105. What is the resistance of a toaster that uses 5 A of current when connected to a 120-volt power source?

a. 5 ohms b. 24 ohms c. 120 ohms d. 600 ohms

____ 106. Two charges separated by a distance of 1 meter exert a 2-N force on each other. If the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the

force on each charge is a. 2 N. b. 4 N. c. 8 N. d. 16 N.

____ 107. Two charges separated by a distance of 1 meter exert a 4-N force on each other. If the distance doubles, the force on each charge

will be a. 0 N. b. 2 N. c. 8 N. d. 1 N.

CollisionsWrite E for elastic and I for inelastic.

____ 108. Michelle runs and jumps off of a diving board and lands on a floating raft.

____ 109. Jorge noticed a collision outside the coffee shop where two cars collided and stuck together.

____ 110. Sue is playing pool and hits the eight ball with the cue ball.

____ 111. A pumpkin sitting in a pumpkin patch spontaneously explodes.

____ 112. A bowling ball knocks over a bowling pin.

____ 113. A plane's engine starts to fail, so the pilot ejects to get out of harms way.

____ 114. A shark is in motion when it encounters a swimming smaller fish and it eats the fish before continuing on.

Matching a.Kinetic Energy b.Gravitational Potential Energy c.Spring Potential Energy

____ 115. An airplane on the ground rolls away from the gate.

____ 116. A bowstring is stretched.

____ 117. A rollercoaster is at the bottom of a hill.

____ 118. A swing is at the highest point of its trajectory.

____ 119. A gymnast stands on a stretched trampoline.

____ 120. An acorn hangs from an oak tree

____ 121. A student runs on a track.

____ 122. A bungee jumper reaches the bottom of his jump.

____ 123. A student stretches a rubber band.

____ 124. A cliff diver looks over the edge to judge how high the cliff is.

____ 125. A tennis ball rolls across the court.

____ 126. A picture hangs on the wall

____ 127. A car is parked on a steep hill.

Match the new force of gravity with the change that occurs.

a. doubled f. one third b. tripled g. one fourth c. quadrupled h. one nineth d. nine times i. unchanged e. halved

____ 128. One mass doubles ____ 129. The distance is doubled ____ 130. The distance is cut in half ____ 131. Both masses are doubled ____ 132. The distance is reduced by a third ____ 133. The distance is tripled

Match the new centripetal acceleration with the change that occurs.

a. doubled f. one third b. tripled g. one fourth c. quadrupled h. one ninth d. nine times i. unchanged e. halved

____ 134. The velocity doubles ____ 135. The velocity is cut in half ____ 136. The radius is cut in half ____ 137. The radius doubles ____ 138. The mass triples ____ 139. The radius triples

Any phrase/term will be used once.

a. electric current f. electrostatics b. electric field g. parallel circuit c. battery h. series circuit d. electric circuit e. resistance

____ 140. a flow of charged particles ____ 141. a type of circuit in which there is only a single current path ____ 142. a type of circuit in which there are several current paths ____ 143. the study of electric charges that can be collected and held in place ____ 144. the field that exists around any charged object ____ 145. a device that converts chemical energy to electric energy ____ 146. a closed loop or pathway that allows electric charges to flow ____ 147. a material through which a charge will not move easily ____ 148. a property that determines how much current will flow

Short AnswerAnswer in 20 - 40 sentences

150. How is displacement different from distance? Give examples. Under what conditions can an object travel a certain distance and yet its resultant displacement be zero?

151. How is velocity different from speed? Give examples. Under what conditions can an object travel with a certain speed and yet its velocity is zero?

152. With a short paragraph explaining what acceleration is and why a car is accelerating as it rounds a corner.

155. What is meant by the statement "the vertical and horizontal motions of a projectile are independent"?

158. Explain two ways a heavy truck and a person on a skateboard can have the same momentum.

161. If a car going around a circular track and hits a patch of ice, what will happen to the car's motion?

163. An object in uniform circular motion moves at a constant speed around a circle with a fixed radius. Why is the object said to be accelerating though it has a constant speed?

176.A ball is thrown straight up. At what position is the kinetic energy at its maximum? At what position is the gravitational potential energy at its maximum?

Problem

177. Freddy tries to track Nancy's escape. He drove at 28.2 m/s east for 3 hours to get to Elm Street, but of course, she wasn't there. So Freddy turned around and drove like a maniac at 35.9 m/s west for 2 hours. a. What was Freddy's average speed? b. What was Freddy's average velocity?

188. A 58 kg elevator accelerates up at 1.9 m/s². What is the force of tension?

191. A 1950 kg rocket consisting of two stages is traveling to the right at a velocity of 245 m/s. An explosion occurs to separate the two parts and the larger 1250 kg section moves to the right at 171 m/s. What is the velocity of the smaller section?

194. An older man was raging, raging against the dying of the light and decided to work out his frustrations. It took him 5.5 s to lift his 90 kg body 0.72 m off the ground for ten reps. How much power did he exert for that first lift?

200. Spider-man grabs one of the Infinity Stones with his webbing 2.8 m long. He swings it around and in 3.37 s it completes 2

revolutions. What is the Stone's centripetal acceleration?

201. Groot grabs Proxima Midnight before she can attack Rocket. He stretches his arm to 8.7 m long and spins her around with a 148 N force. If she has a mass of 218 kg, how long will it take for Groot to spin her 20 revolutions?