Financial crises and market bubbles are inevitable in the global economy. In this module, we examined some of these financial crises, including:

• The European banking crisis in 2011
• The oil price collapse in 2014
• The emerging market turmoil in 2013
• The Puerto Rican debt crisis in 2015
• The crypto crash in 2018-2019
• The COVID-19 pandemic financial crisis

While none of these crises matched the scale of the Great Recession of 2008, they still had significant impacts on international markets. To find out about countries' financial information, you can use the resources listed in the Global Financial Information Resourcesdocument.

Consider the past financial crises and market bubbles. In your discussion, address the following questions:

• What market indicators can help identify potential global financial crises?
• What do you anticipate could be the next global financial crisis?
• How has the global economy responded to the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic?
• How do you think the COVID-19 pandemic will shape the future of the international markets?