1. Find the cost of a bachelor's degree at the university of your choice; assume additional costs of $16,000 for an additional fifth year of education to get a master's degree. Assume that all tuition is paid at the beginning of the year. A student considering this investment must evaluate the present value of cash flows from possessing a graduate degree versus holding only an undergraduate degree. Assume that the average student with an undergraduate degree is expected to earn an annual salary of $55,000 per year (assumed to be paid at the end of the year) for 10 years. Assume that the average student with a graduate master's degree is expected to earn an annual salary of $76,000 per year (assumed to be paid at the end of the year) for nine years after graduation. Assume a minimum rate of return of 10%.

USE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION: The base tuition at ASU is $10,710. With added costs such as fees, books, supplies the average tuition at the ASU Tempe campus is $30,993.50 per year.

1. Determine the net present value of cash flows from an undergraduate degree. Use the present value table provided in Chapter 26.
2. Determine the net present value of cash flows from a master's degree, assuming that no salary is earned during the graduate year of schooling.
3. What is the net advantage or disadvantage of pursuing a graduate degree under these assumptions?
4. 

Present Value Periods 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% 12% 14% 15% 16% 18% 20% 0.935 0.873 1 2 3 4 5 0.990 0.980 0.971 0.961 0.951 0.980 0.961 0.942 0.924 0.906 0.971 0.943 0.915 0.888 0.863 0.962 0.925 0.889 0.855 0.822 0.952 0.907 0.864 0.823 0.784 0.943 0.890 0.840 0.792 0.747 0.926 0.857 0.794 0.735 0.681 0.816 0.763 0.917 0.842 0.772 0.708 0.650 0.909 0.826 0.751 0.683 0.621 0.893 0.797 0.712 0.636 0.567 0.877 0.769 0.675 0.592 0.519 0.870 0.756 0.658 0.572 0.497 0.862 0.743 0.641 0.847 0.718 0.609 0.516 0.437 0.833 0.694 0.579 0.482 0.402 0.552 0.713 0.476 0.666 0.623 6 7 8 9 10 0.942 0.933 0.923 0.914 0.905 0.888 0.871 0.853 0.837 0.820 0.837 0.813 0.789 0.766 0.744 0.790 0.760 0.731 0.703 0.676 0.746 0.711 0.677 0.645 0.614 0.705 0.665 0.627 0.592 0.558 0.582 0.630 0.583 0.540 0.500 0.463 0.596 0.547 0.502 0.460 0.422 0.564 0.513 0.467 0.424 0.386 0.507 0.452 0.404 0.361 0.322 0.456 0.400 0.351 0.308 0.270 0.432 0.376 0.327 0.284 0.247 0.410 0.354 0.305 0.263 0.227 0.370 0.314 0.266 0.225 0.191 0.335 0.279 0.233 0.194 0.162 0.544 0.508 11 12 13 14 15 0.896 0.887 0.879 0.870 0.861 0.804 0.788 0.773 0.758 0.743 0.722 0.701 0.681 0.661 0.642 0.650 0.625 0.601 0.577 0.555 0.585 0.557 0.530 0.505 0.481 0.527 0.497 0.469 0.442 0.417 0.475 0.444 0.415 0.388 0.362 0.429 0.397 0.368 0.340 0.315 0.388 0.356 0.326 0.299 0.275 0.350 0.319 0.290 0.263 0.239 0.287 0.257 0.229 0.205 0.183 0.237 0.208 0.182 0.160 0.140 0.215 0.187 0.163 0.141 0.123 0.195 0.168 0.145 0.125 0.108 0.162 0.137 0.116 0.099 0.084 0.135 0.112 0.093 0.078 0.065 16 17 18 19 20 0.853 0.844 0.836 0.828 0.820 0.728 0.714 0.700 0.686 0.673 0.623 0.605 0.587 0.570 0.554 0.534 0.513 0.494 0.458 0.436 0.416 0.396 0.394 0.371 0.350 0.331 0.312 0.339 0.317 0.296 0.277 0.258 0.292 0.270 0.250 0.232 0.215 0.252 0.231 0.212 0.194 0.178 0.218 0.198 0.180 0.164 0.149 0.163 0.146 0.130 0.116 0.104 0.123 0.108 0.095 0.083 0.073 0.107 0.093 0.081 0.093 0.071 0.080 0.060 0.069 0.051 0.060 0.043 0.051 0.037 0.054 0.045 0.038 0.031 0.026 0.475 0.070 0.456 0.377 0.061 21 22 23 24 25 0.811 0.803 0.795 0.788 0.780 0.660 0.647 0.634 0.622 0.610 0.538 0.522 0.507 0.492 0.478 0.439 0.422 0.406 0.390 0.375 0.359 0.342 0.326 0.310 0.295 0.294 0.278 0.262 0.247 0.233 0.242 0.226 0.211 0.197 0.184 0.199 0.184 0.170 0.158 0.146 0.164 0.150 0.138 0.126 0.116 0.135 0.123 0.112 0.102 0.092 0.093 0.083 0.074 0.066 0.059 0.064 0.056 0.049 0.043 0.038 0.053 0.046 0.040 0.035 0.030 0.044 0.038 0.033 0.028 0.024 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.019 0.016 0.022 0.018 0.015 0.013 0.010 26 27 28 29 30 0.772 0.764 0.757 0.749 0.742 0.598 0.586 0.574 0.563 0.552 0.464 0.450 0.437 0.424 0.361 0.347 0.333 0.321 0.308 0.281 0.268 0.255 0.243 0.231 0.220 0.207 0.196 0.185 0.174 0.172 0.161 0.150 0.141 0.131 0.135 0.125 0.116 0.107 0.099 0.106 0.098 0.090 0.082 0.075 0.084 0.076 0.069 0.063 0.057 0.053 0.047 0.042 0.037 0.033 0.029 0.026 0.022 0.020 0.026 0.023 0.020 0.017 0.015 0.021 0.018 0.016 0.014 0.012 0.014 0.011 0.010 0.008 0.007 0.009 0.007 0.006 0.005 0.004 0.412 0.033 40 0.672 0.453 0.307 0.208 0.142 0.097 0.067 0.046 0.032 0.022 0.011 0.005 0.004 0.003 0.001 0.001 50 0.608 0.372 0.228 0.141 0.087 0.054 0.034 0.021 0.013 0.009 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.001