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Finn developed a vaccine consisting of short stretches of MUC1. In the first study of a preventive vaccine in healthy people, she tested safety in
Finn developed a vaccine consisting of short stretches of MUC1. In the first study of a preventive vaccine in healthy people, she tested safety in 39 people who had previously had precancerous colon polyps, which put them at elevated risk for colon cancer. In 2013, her team reported 17 had a strong immune response, with much higher levels of antibodies to the tumor version of MUC1 than previously seen in cancer patients who got the vaccine as treatment. According to this excerpt, in the researcher's (Finn's) first study of the vaccine, 17 of 39 people who had previously had precancerous colon polyps and who received the vaccine developed a strong immune response. Suppose the researcher would continue studying the vaccine if there is evidence at the 0.05 significance level that the proportion (among the population with precancerous colon polyps) with a strong immune response is greater than 0.2. Does the researcher's first study provide evidence to continue studying the vaccine? To address this question, go through the following steps to perform a hypothesis test for a proportion. a) Translate the scientific question into statistical hypothesis. In other words, what is the null hypothesis? What is the alternative hypothesis? b) Calculate an appropriate test statistic that will reflect whether the data are consistent with the null hypothesis. c) What is the sampling distribution of the test statistic under the null hypothesis? d) Is the p-value less than 0.05? e) (*1 point) Does Finn's first study provide evidence at the 0.05 level that the population proportion with strong immune response is greater than 0.2
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