For a company using activity-based management, identify each of the following activities as (V) value-added or (N) nonvalue-added.

1. Designing car seats to maximize comfort.

2. Storing additional materials for future production. 3. Special packaging of products for safety reasons. 4. Scrapping defective production materials. 5. Assembling lawn mowers at the local hardware store. 6. Moving parts from storage to the factory for manufacturing.