For each of the following calculations, let's assume:

1. The smoking rate among the controls can be used to represent the population smoking rate (P_e). In a case-control study, the proportion of exposed in the control group can be used as an estimate of P_e if the control group is a random sample from the population.
2. The incidence rate for oral cancer among the nonsmokers is 4 cases per 100,000 PY.

Use the data in Table 3 for "Ever" and "Never" categories to calculate the following values. Please round your answers to two decimal points or express as a percent.

Smoking category	Case	control
Never	58	105
Ever	190	143

a. Odds Ratio (OR)

b. Attributable Risk (AR)

c. Attributable Risk Percent (AR%)

d. Population Attributable Risk (PAR)

e. Population Attributable Risk Percent (PAR%)