For each of the following pairs of sounds, please provide a minimal pair showing that they are allophones of different phonemes in English. Write this minimal pair both in English orthography and in the IPA. For example, if the two sounds were 11 and I], the answer could be [$111] 'sin' and [311]] 'sing\"'. . [f] and [v] . [m] and [n] - [u] and [u] . [a] and [623] . [l] and [n] 2 l The rest of this assignment will require you to engage with speech sounds outside of the English language. Please give an articulatory description of each IPA symbol listed below in examples (a)-(e), and give the IPA symbol corresponding to the articulatory descriptions listed in examples (f)-( j). . Note: You should include secondary articulations in the 'place' portion of the artic- ulatory description. For example, [b'] would be described as a voiced, palatalized bilabial stop. . Second note: You can consider the vowels in (b) and (d) as tense. a) [tsi] f) Voiced labio-dental nasal stop b) [i] g) High back tense unrounded vowel c) [r] h) Mid back tense round vowel d) [a] (Note: note [a]!) i) Voiceless uvular fricative e) j) Voiceless labialized velar stop 3 For the remainder of the assignment, you will be carrying out phonemic analysis on lan- guage data from San Martin Peras Mixtec, an Otomanguean language spoken by ~14,000 people in the western part of the Mexican state of Oaxaca, as well as by migrant com- munities throughout Mexico and the US. In CA, speakers of this variety of Mixtec are principally concentrated in the cities of Oxnard, Santa Maria, Salinas, and Watsonville (Mendoza, 2020). All Mixtec languages are tonal (DiCanio and Bennett, 2018), and this variety is no exception. However, tone is not transcribed here, as it is not relevant to the current assignment. Consider the following data from San Martin Peras Mixtec (some of which comes from Mendoza (2020) and Peters (2018)). You do not need to worry about the difference be- tween oral and nasal vowels (e.g., [a] vs [a]); you may consider the oral and nasal versions of vowels as equivalent for the purpose of determining the distribution of the sounds in question.[kwaa] 'blind' [kie?e] 'outside' [ka?nu] 'big' [keBa?a] 'win' [ko?"to] 'hill' [kiaa] 'day before yesterday' [ku?u] 'sick' [jahka] 'dirty' [kini] 'pig' [tsahka] 'fish' [kinu] 'jealous' [kia?a] 'chile pepper plant' [kahBa] 'cave' [icki] 'bone' [kau] 'there is' (weather) [kwa?a] 'red' [fahko] 'opposum' [kia?mi] 'a type of squash' [K Wee ] 'slow' [koho] 'snake' [kama] 'fast' [kwe?e] 'much' . Based on the data above, determine whether the voiceless velar stop [k], the voice- less palatalized velar stop [k]], and the voiceless labialized velar stop [kW] are al- lophones of different phonemes (contrastive sounds) or allophones of the same phoneme (non-contrastive sounds). If they are allophones of the same phoneme, say which one you think is the basic allophone, and which one(s) you think is/are predictable. - When structuring your response, make sure to give concrete examples from the dataset to support your conclusion. It is not enough just to say what the answer is, you must say why you think it is the correct answer, using data to support your ideas. - Your answer should include a note on the type of distribution these sounds are in (e.g., complementary or contrastive). - If you choose to include a list of phonological environments in your assign- ment, please include it as an appendix (a section at the end of the entire document) instead of including it in the main portion of the assignment. These lists are large and unwieldy and make grading difficult.4 Now consider the following data from the same language, paying special attention to the distribution of the voiceless alveolar affricate [ts] and the voiceless palatalized alveolar affricate [tsi]. [tsiaa] 'clothes' [tsn] 'mouse' [tsiohko] 'ant' [tsiand] 'flat' [tsioo] 'passionfruit' [nakahtse] 'we wash' [nakahtsi] 'I wash' [tsie?e] 'hard' [tsikahtsa] 'round' [kictsi] 'animal' [tsiaha] 'turkey' [nakahtsiu] 'you wash' [tsiahka] 'fish' [tsina] 'dog' . Based on the data above, make a hypothesis about whether [ts] and [tsi] are al- lophones of different phonemes (contrastive sounds) or allophones of the same phoneme (non-contrastive sounds). If they are allophones of the same phoneme, say which one you think is the basic allophone, and which one you think is pre- dictable. - As before, your answer must include specific data points and make reference to the the terms 'complementary distribution' or 'contrastive distribution