For each of the following research article excerpts:

(1) Decide whether the sampling method presented is either a probability or nonprobability sampling method;

(2) Identify the specific sampling method used, which might include convenience, quota, purposive, network, or theoretical sampling for nonprobability samples or simple random, stratified random, cluster, or systematic sampling for probability samples; and

(3) Provide a rationale for the sampling method you selected. Some of the examples might include more than one sampling method to obtain the study sample.

(4) Identify the potential bias of the study, does the study exclude anyone who should have been included?

Study excerpt: "Participants were recruited from one middle school and two high schools during general assemblies, homeroom classes, or in other required classes (e.g., physical education) so that no student enrolled in particular courses would be excluded ... The three schools, located within a large, public school district in Houston, Texas, were selected so that (a) a wide range of socioeconomic strata, (b) a balance of males and females, and (c) a locally representative tri-ethnic sample could be attained." Reyes, L. R., Meininger,]. c., Liehr, P., Chari, W., & Mueller, W. H. (2003). Anger in adolescents: Sex, Ethnicity, Age Differences, and Psychometric Properties. Nursing Research, 52(1), 2-11. Excerpt from page 4.

Study excerpt: "The parents of 120 children aged 5 to 12 years admitted to one of six South Australian hospitals for elective surgery requiring general anesthesia were approached to participate in this study." Wollin, S. R, Plummer,]. L., Owen, H., Hawkins, R M. F., Materazzo, F., & Morrison, V. (2004). Anxiety in children having elective surgery. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 19(2), 128-32. Excerpt from page 128. 6.

Study excerpt: "A 2-stage ... sampling method was used to draw a national sample of nurses working in ICUs .... After units in U.S. military installations and territories were excluded, the sampling frame provided by the American Hospital Association listed 5,191 rcus. Based on a power analysis calculation, a random sample of 421 ICUs was chosen using a systematic interval technique." Binkley, c., Furr, L. A., Carrico, R, & McCurren, C. (2004). Survey of oral care practices in U.S. intensive care units. American Journal of Infection Control, 32(3), 161-9. Excerpt from page 163.

Study excerpt: "All patients were referred by their GP [General Practitioner] to the researcher (L.T.) who, after obtaining informed consent and taking baseline data, randomized the patients" into the experimental group receiving acupuncture and the comparison group receiving standard care. MacPherson, H., Thorpe, L., Thomas, K. & Campbell, M. (2003). Acupuncture for low back pain: Traditional diagnosis and treatment of 148 patients in a clinical trial. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 12(1), 38-44. Excerpt from page 39.