For pure metals, the fraction of material to undergo dendritic solidification $(f_{\text{d}\text{e}\text{n}\text{d}})$ can be calculated by the following formula:

$f_{\text{d}\text{e}\text{n}\text{d}}=\frac{c^{**}T}{H_f}$

Where $c$ is the specific heat of the liquid, $T$ is the amount of undercooling and $H_f$ is the latent heat of solidification.

Calculate the fraction of dendritic solidification for pure nickel if the nucleation starts at

a$)1C$ of undercooling;

b$)100C$ of undercooling; and

c$)$ homogeneously.