For Questions 11-16, refer to the following information: The sinking of the Titanic in 1912 was one of the defining moments of the 20thcentury and books are still being written about the episode. Researchers have often been interested in knowing what characteristics influenced the probability that someone survived the sinking as this might offer clues to prevent such a disaster in the future. We have a large dataset of ship passengers and are interested in determining which factors predict whether someone survived the sinking (Survive: Yes, No), including age (Age: Adult, Child), sex (Sex: Male, Female), and cabin class on ship (Class: Crew, First, Second, Third). We will use a 0.05 significance level throughout. We need to help the researchers decipher their results.

Question 11

What type of analysis seems most appropriate here?(1 point)

Select one:

a. Simple linear regression

b. Multiple linear regression

c. One-way ANOVA

d. ANCOVA

e. Logistic regression

For Questions 12-17, use the following excerpted SAS output (assume Survive = 1 is the outcome of interest):

Testing Global Null Hypothesis: BETA=0

Test

Chi-Square

DF

Pr>ChiSq

Likelihood Ratio

559.3956

5

<.0001

Score

556.7267

5

<.0001

Wald

402.3282

5

<.0001

Type 3 Analysis of Effects

Effect

DF

Wald

Chi-Square

Pr>ChiSq

Class

3

108.2432

<.0001

Age

1

18.9236

<.0001

Sex

1

297.0678

<.0001

Analysis of Maximum Likelihood Estimates

Parameter

DF

Estimate

Standard

Error

Wald

Chi-Square

Pr>ChiSq

Intercept

1

-1.0924

0.2370

21.2406

<.0001

Class

Crew

1

0.9201

0.1486

38.3441

<.0001

Class

First

1

1.7778

0.1716

107.3697

<.0001

Class

Second

1

0.7597

0.1764

18.5558

<.0001

Age

Adult

1

-1.0615

0.2440

18.9236

<.0001

Sex

Female

1

2.4201

0.1404

297.0678

<.0001

Q 12

Question 12

What is the value of the test statistic used to test the omnibus null hypothesis?(1 point)

Select one:

a. 559.3956

b. 556.7267

c. 402.3282

d. 18.9236

e. 108.2432

f. All of the above

g. a, b, and c only

Q 13

Question 13

What conclusion should you make about the omnibus null hypothesis based on the given data?(1 point)

Select one:

a. Since p-value < 0.05 we reject the omnibusand conclude that at least one of the independent variables is significantly associated with the probability of surviving.

b. Since p-value < 0.05 we reject the omnibusand conclude that all of the independent variables are significantly associated with the probability of surviving.

c. Since p-value < 0.05 we fail to reject the omnibusand conclude that none of the independent variables are significantly associated with the probability of surviving.

d. Since p-value < 0.05 we fail to reject the omnibusand conclude that at least one of the independent variables is significantly associated with the probability of surviving.

e. Since p-value < 0.05 we fail to reject the omnibusand conclude that all of the independent variables are significantly associated with the probability of surviving.

Q 14

Question 14

Are there reference cells for this problem? If so, what are they?(1 point)

Select one:

a. There are no reference cells

b. Yes, the reference cells are crew class, female gender, and adult age

c. Yes, the reference cells are third class, male gender, and child age

d. Yes, the reference cells are third class, female gender, and adult age

e. Yes, the reference cells are crew class, male gender, and child age

Q 15

Question 15

How many dummy variables are needed for the variable Class?(1 point)

Select one:

a. 4

b. 3

c. 2

d. 1

e. No dummy variables are needed here

Q 16

Question 16

What is the odds ratio comparing crew class passengers to third class passengers assuming age and gender are held constant?(1 point)

Select one:

a. 0.9201

b. 108.24

c. 2.51

d. 1.78

e. -1.09

Q 17

Question 17

What is the odds ratio and appropriate interpretation for comparing male passengers to female passengers assuming class and age are help constant?(2 points)

Select one:

a. Female passengers had 2.42 times the odds of surviving the sinking compared to male passengers holding age and cabin class constant.

b. Male passengers had 2.42 times the odds of surviving the sinking compared to female passengers holding age and cabin class constant.

c. Male passengers had 11.25 times the odds of surviving the sinking compared to female passengers holding age and cabin class constant.

d. Female passengers had 11.25 times the odds of surviving the sinking compared to male passengers holding age and cabin class constant.

e. Cannot be determined based on the information provided