For Questions 1-7: A nurse on a busy pediatric unit noticed that her patients' heart rates seem to be lower in the past few months since her unit hired a new music therapist. The previous music therapist would bring her amp with her into patients' rooms and play her electric guitar LOUD. The previous music therapist left after many family complaints were filed against her. The new music therapist plays her acoustic guitar quietly in patients' rooms and the patients seem much calmer and the nurse started to notice that the patients seem to have lower heart rates. The nurse was talking with her unit manager about this anecdotal observation and her manager encouraged her to search the literature to see if there is evidence supporting her hypothesis that the volume of music played in a patient's room correlates to the patient's heart rate. The nurse searched the literature with the help of the hospital librarians and found no evidence about this relationship. The unit manager thought the nurse was on to something and encouraged her to pursue this question through a unit-based research study. The nurse collaborated with a music therapist and a research mentor in the hospital, wrote a protocol, received IRB approval to conduct the study, and consented and enrolled 100 patients/families on her unit. For this study, she played music in each patient's room and measured the volume of the music. The volume measurements ranged from 50 (soft music) to 100 (loud music). She recorded the volume of the music in the room and the patient's heart rate at the end of 20 minutes of listening to music. Here is the SPSS output from his study:

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