For the $2019$ income statement, Firm X reported research and development expense of $$540,000.$ Which of the following statements must be true? Choose all that apply $(2$ answers$).$

If the tax rate is $30\%,$ research and development expense reduced Firm X$$s net income by $$378,000($$$540,000\backslash$times $(1-0\mathrm{.}30)).$

Firm X spent $$540,000$ in cash to develop new products and improve old products.

If Firm X invested $$540,000$ in a lab facility that could be used for next year$$s research projects, it would capitalize the entire amount of $$540,000$ in $2019.$

The current amount of $$540,000$ included amortized research and development costs from prior years that were not previously expensed, because River Hawk incurs such expenses each year.