For this annotated Bibliography:

• In what ways the readings answer important "so what?" questions in the field of change management?
• How are these readings potentially valuable to research in the field?
• Are there any important gaps (i.e., contradictions, arguments, disagreements, or areas of divergence) within this set of readings that point to potential topics for future research?
• How would you follow up to extend or explore these gaps?

Sustainability trends lead to a healthy environment and world for future generations. One leading trend in the world of sustainability is smart mobility or technologies and innovations that create more sustainable transportation systems (Paiya et al., 2021). These system involved digital and communication technologies that enhance traffic mobility for people and communities.

D'Apuzzo, M., Cappelli, G., Buzzi, S., & Nicolosi, V. (2022). Smart Urban Mobility Management project: a concrete step towards more sustainable and connected communities. 2022 Second International Conference on Sustainable Mobility Applications, Renewables and Technology (SMART), Sustainable Mobility Applications, Renewables and Technology (SMART), 2022 Second International Conference On, 1-8.https://doi.org/10.1109/SMART55236.2022.9990394Links to an external site.

The authors of this study investigate the general structure of the architectural systems used to develop traffic models in the Municipality of Artena. The authors used a case study model and were dedicated to increasing green and smart management of traffic models for a better community. The authors researched smart parking, sustainable mobility, smart road safety, and environmental control.

The authors indicated that the current traffic model should be calibrated with traffic counts and internal mobility. The authors indicated a need for future research in certain territories and that this research should aim to interpret the design and implementation of smart mobility. The article is directly linked to trends in sustainability and uses multiple references as support for future research in smart mobility related to traffic flow.

Paiva, S., Ahad, M. A., Tripathi, G., Feroz, N., Casalino, G., & Alba, E. (2021). Enabling technologies for urban smart mobility: Recent trends, opportunities and challenges. Sensors (14248220), 21(6), 2143. https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062143

The authors wrote a paper reviewing how smart mobility and other trends can provide solutions to city traffic concerns. The authors highlight that consumers and developers need to consider opportunities and challenges within smart mobility. The authors also conclude that smart mobility will be a trend that will slowly be developed over the next few years to solve traffic congestion that leads to environmental concerns.

The authors did construct a valid paper and used supporting literature to develop their thoughts about a cutting-edge topic. The focus on smart technology could reduce the ecological footprint of traffic pollution, and these concepts could lead to sustainability.

Salamah, N. A., Romadlon, F., Winati, F. D., & Hamid, A. (2023). Evaluating Trans Banyumas Services to Support Innovative Transportation Systems Towards Smart Mobility. 2023 10th International Conference on ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), ICT for Smart Society (ICISS), 2023 10th International Conference On, 1-8.https://doi.org/10.1109/ICISS59129.2023.10291576Links to an external site.

The authors conducted their research to evaluate the Trans Banyumas services they implemented to enable better, more innovative transportation systems. The study was qualitative, surveying 320 participants and using the ANOVA test to examine the data. The authors used demographics such as gender, age, occupation, vehicle ownership, distance participants traveled, and their travels' purpose. The authors found that the passengers did experience innovative transport systems; however, the systems lacked real-time information. This information created barriers to influential travel.

The authors did conduct a study that included a range of data that reached saturation. The information indicated the need for more research to develop smart mobility systems in equality services and applications. The authors suggest areas of further research that are valid and vital for the progression of this concept. The study did include valid references and added to the area of study being researched.

Zaman, M., Saha, S., & Abdelwahed, S. (2023). Assessing the suitability of different machine learning approaches for smart traffic mobility. 2023 IEEE Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC), Transportation Electrification Conference & Expo (ITEC), 2023 IEEE, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITEC55900.2023.10186901

The authors of this quantitative study explored various methods that look at short-term predictions about traffic flow. These methods were used to ensure smart mobility and effective transportation planning. The paper also analyzed the traffic patterns that were assessed by these methods to guide smart and sustainable city planning. The authors attempted to predict when there would be the most challenges with congestion in larger cities by utilizing data on traffic patterns. The authors relied on the Intelligent Transportation System to anticipate the future of traffic patterns in modern city rush hours.

The author found that their use of various learning techniques, including multiple models, showed that their methods outperformed existing approaches and provided accurate information about traffic flow and congestion predictions. The ideas presented in this study indicate the need for more research on traffic flow and smart mobility. The author's research directly links to trends in sustainability and growing ideas about traffic congestion reduction.

van Den Boogert, R. J., & Ding, A. Y. (2023). Engaging the crowd in sensing for smart mobility: A discrete choice experiment. IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE Open Journal of, IEEE Open J. Intell. Transp. Syst, 4, 406-418. https://doi.org/10.1109/OJITS.2023.3277311

The author of this study aims to identify factors related to incentives and privacy to explain crowdsensing applications. The authors indicate that there is a clear incentive necessary to motivate smart device users to share data about their activities and environment. 47% of the respondents indicated that they were concerned about their privacy when utilizing applications

related to transportation.

The authors identified three areas that need to be developed for smart mobility. The three areas are tailor-made applications, design transparency, and ensuring the applications' attractiveness. The authors indicate areas for future research should be aimed at user preferences in smart technology. This future research will be essential to reduce the challenges in smart mobility.