For this question, please download the "filedrawer.csv" and "published.csv" files, to be used on R, available on the following website: https://qss.princeton.press/student-resources-for-quantitative-social-science/

(click on "7 Uncertainty" and scroll down to the Exercises Data Sets). (refer to picture)

Please answer the following question using R codes:

The H-index is a measure of the productivity and citation impact of each researcher in terms of publications. More capable researchers may produce stronger results. To shed more light on this issue, conduct a one-sided test for the null hypothesis that the mean H-index is lower or equal for projects with strong results than those with null results. What about the comparison between strong versus weak results?

1 Introduction 2 Causality 3 Measurement 4 Prediction 5 Discovery 6 Probability 7 Uncertainty Chapter 7: Uncertainty Download all the supporting files for Chapter 7: Uncertainty Code 1. The markdown file for the entire chapter: uncertainty.Rmd 2. The pdf file with outputs: uncertainty.pdf 3. The script for the entire chapter: uncertainty.R Data sets Main text 1. 2008 US Presidential Election Data (Table 4.1): pres08.csv 2. 2008 US Presidential Polls Data (Table 4.2): polls08.csv 3. Student-Teacher Achievement Ratio (STAR) Data (Table 2.6): STAR.csv 4. Resume Experiment Data (Table 2.1): resume.csv 5. Minimum Wage Study Data (Table 2.5): minwage.csv 6. Women as Policy Makers Experiment (Table 4.7): women.csv 7. British Parliament Personal Wealth Data (Table 4.8): MPs.csv Exercises Sex Ratio and the Price of Agricultural Crops in China (Table 7.4): chinawomen.csv ESS Program Academic Research Data (Table 7.5): filedrawer.csv W N ublished Journal Article Data (Table 7.6): published.csv Analysis of the 1932 German Election (Table 7.7): nazis.csv