For workers covered by a defined-contribution retirement plan, the use of ____________ from an employer amounts to a tax-free increase in income during working years.

a. matching contributions

b. plan vesting

c. a cash-balance plan

d. a pension plan

Which type of IRA permanently exempts from income tax the investment returns earned while the funds are in the IRA?

a. a standard IRA with deductible deposits

b. a Roth IRA

c. a standard IRA with non-deductible deposits

d. No IRA has permanently exempt earnings.

Self-employed people can shelter current self-employment income from taxation and build a retirement fund through a

a. SEC plan.

b. 401(k) salary-reduction plan.

c. 403(b) salary-reduction plan.

d. Keogh plan.