Fred invests 1,000 at an annual nominal interest rate of r % compounded monthly. Jane invests 1,000 at an annual effective interest rate of r %. Sam invests 1,000 at an annual continuous force of interest of r %. It is known that r > 0 . Let X be the balance in Fred's account in one year, Y be the balance in Jane's account in one year and Z be the balance in Sam's account in one year. Which of the following is true?

A. Y

B. X

C. Z

D. Y

E. The answer cannot be determined from the information given.