Freya, a high-level expatriate manager, works with a multinational corporation that follows a single strategy for all its operations. This strategy requires that Freya speak with her superiors from the home office on a weekly basis, carry out their instructions, and maintain information symmetry. Moreover, it forbids her from making any important decisions alone. In the context of the four international strategies proposed by Bartlett and Goshal, Freya works with a company that uses the _____