Fs Fs x=0 X = 0 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 1 shows a block oscillating on a spring. The block is to the right of its equilibrium position a = 0 and moving to the right. The two vectors indicate the spring force F , and the frictional force of acting on the block at that point. Figure 2 shows the block after it has reached its maximum displacement and returned to the same point. Which of the following indicates features in the figures that support claims as to where the spring force and friction are conservative forces? (A) Since the magnitude of both forces is the same in both figures, they are both conservative forces. B) Since the magnitude of both forces is the same in both figures, they are both nonconservative forces. (C) Since the spring force always points toward equilibrium and the frictional force always points against motion, they are both conservative forces. (D) Since the spring force always points toward equilibrium and the frictional force always points against motion, the spring force is a nonconservative force and the frictional force is a conservative force. (E) Since the spring force always points toward equilibrium and the frictional force always points against motion, the spring force is a conservative force and the frictional force is a nonconservative force. Ug ( J) +x -x (m) A block is moving on a surface that is inclined at an angle above the horizontal, as shown in the figure. The graph shown represents the gravitational potential energy , of the block-Earth system as a function of the position along the incline. The time period depicted in the graph is the time during which the block slides up the surface, comes to a stop, and then slides back down. Which of the following graphs shows the work IT done by the gravitational force during the same time period? Test Booklet Unit 3.2 Force and Potential Energy 10 Daily W ( J) (A - - x (m) W ( J ) (B) - - -- x (m) W ( J ) x (m) (C) W ( J) (D) - - - x (m) W ( J ) (E) -- x (m)3. FX O - X An object is initially at rest at the origin of the T-axis. A single conservative force is exerted on the object. The force Fr as a function of position x is shown in the graph provided. Which of the following sets of graphs best show the potential energy of the system and the kinetic energy of the object as the object moves away from the origin? AP Collegeboard Test Booklet Unit 3.2 Force and Potential Energy 10 Daily K Ug (A) - X - X K Ug (B) 0- -X K Ug (C) K Ug (D) 0-7, A satellite of mass 120 kg is in circular orbit at a height h 2 R above the surface of Earth, where R is the radius of Earth. The radius and mass of Earth are 6.4 X 106 m and 6.0 X 1024 kg, respectively. The gravitational potential energy of the satellite-Earth system is most nearly Test Booklet Unit 3.2 Force and Potential Energy 10 Daily (A) 1.51 x 101\" J (B) 3.75 x 109 J (C) 3.75 x 109 J (D) 7.50 x 109 J (E) 1.51 x 101\" J \"'14 10. The potential energy U as a function of the position x of an object is given by U (x) = - 400/x, where U is in joules and x is in meters. The object is released from rest at position x = 30 m and is free to move along the x-axis. When the object has moved a distance of 10 m from its initial position, the magnitude of the force associated with this potential energy function is Test Booklet Unit 3.2 Force and Potential Energy 10 Daily (A) 20N (B) ION (C) 4.0N (D) 1.0N (E) 0.25N A particle is moving along the z-axis under the inuence of a spring force E5. The potential energy U of the particle as a function of position a: is given by the equation U(m) = 13$4, where ,3 = :1; The magnitude of F9; when the particle is at the position :1: = 0.1 m is most nearly (A) 1 x 10'6N (B) 5 x 10 5N (C) 2 x 10 3N (D) 5 x 10 2N (E) 1 x 10 1N A nonlinear spring is used to launch a toy cart The car is pushed against the spring, compressing the spring 2.5 cm. The force the spring exerts on the car is given by the equation F = Ka:2, where K = 5000 52 The potential energy stored in the spring when the car is pushed against it is most nearly (A) 0.026.] (B) 1.6.] (C) 3.2J (D) 125.] (E) 26, 000.]