Gavin pays $37,450 for a new car, including a federal excise tax of $700 and a state sales tax of $1,750. The indirect business tax value added to GDP under the income approach for this purchase is 

a. $1,750 because only state taxes are included in indirect business taxes; federal taxes are excluded. 

b. $2,450 because this is income for the government. 

c. $700 because only federal taxes are included in indirect business taxes; state taxes are excluded. 

d. $2,450 because this is profit for the firm