Given the following design environment and materials, obtain a mix design for your trial batch. Use both chemical admixtures. Consult Table A1 provided over leaf to estimate the water/cementitious materials (i.e. w/cm) ratio. i. Design Environment Non-structurally reinforced Pavement Slab in Edmonton that will be subjected to severe freeze thaw cycles. Required compressive design strength = 27.6 MPa Slab thickness=0.3 m Standard deviation of compressive strength from 15 tests = 2.4 MPa ii. Available Materials a) Cement All Types have a specific gravity of 3.15 b) Coarse Aggregate 25 mm maximum size crushed aggregate with the following properties: Bulk Specific Gravity (OD) = 2.573 Oven Dry Rodded Density = 1921 kg/m Absorption (on OD) = 0.1% Moisture Content of Lab Sample = 3.5% (on OD) c) Fine Aggregate Bulk Oven Dry Specific Gravity Fineness Modulus Absorption (on OD) Moisture Content of Lab Sample = 2.54 = 2.68 = 0.2% = 5% (on OD) d) AEA Dosage Recommended by Manufacturer = 9.4 mL/(1% air content)/100 kg of cement Assume that without AEA, there is ZERO air content. Assume that the specific gravity is that of water e) WRA Water demand may be reduced by 10% by adding 3 ml (or 3 B) per kg of cement Assume specific gravity is the same as that of water. Table 1: Compressive strength at 28 days, MPa 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 Water-cementitious materials ratio by mass Non-air-entrained Air-entrained concrete concrete 0.38 0.30 0.42 0.34 0.47 0.39 0.54 0.45 0.61 0.52 0.69 0.60 0.79 0.70 (1) What is the target compressive strength (in MPa)? (2) What would be your choice of slump (in mm)? (3) What is the required water content (in kg per cubic meter)? (4) What is the required air content (in %)? (5) What is the water-to-binder ratio? (6) What is the cement content (in kg per cubic meter)? (7) What is the coarse aggregate content (lab or stockpile state, in kg/cubic meter)? (8) What is the fine aggregate content (absolute volume method, lab or stockpile state, in kg/cubic meter)? (9) What is the amount of water to be added (in kg per cubic meter)? (10) What is the amount of air-entraining agent (in kg per cubic meter)? (11) What is the amount of water reducing admixture i.e., WRA (in kg per cubic meter)? For the mix designed in the previous question, modify the amount of cementitious materials, if it is required that Silica Fume (SF), Fly Ash (FA) and Metakaolin (MK) are to be blended with the cement in the following manner: a) By mass replacement of cement as: SF = 5%; Metakaolin = 5%; FA = 15% b) By volume replacement of cement as SF = 5%; Metakaolin = 5%; FA = 15% Assume that Metakaolin behaves like a natural pozzolan. Use the following material properties. Bulk Densities: SF = 430 kg/m3, MK = 1750 kg/m?; FA = 2300 kg/m. = By mass replacement: What is the cement content (in kg/cubic meter)? (i) What is the silica fume content (in kg/cubic meter)? (ii) What is the metakaolin content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iv) What is the fly ash content (in kg/cubic meter)? By volume replacement: What is the cement content (in kg/cubic meter)? (m) What is the silica fume content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iii) What is the metakaolin content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iv) What is the fly ash content (in kg/cubic meter)? Given the following design environment and materials, obtain a mix design for your trial batch. Use both chemical admixtures. Consult Table A1 provided over leaf to estimate the water/cementitious materials (i.e. w/cm) ratio. i. Design Environment Non-structurally reinforced Pavement Slab in Edmonton that will be subjected to severe freeze thaw cycles. Required compressive design strength = 27.6 MPa Slab thickness=0.3 m Standard deviation of compressive strength from 15 tests = 2.4 MPa ii. Available Materials a) Cement All Types have a specific gravity of 3.15 b) Coarse Aggregate 25 mm maximum size crushed aggregate with the following properties: Bulk Specific Gravity (OD) = 2.573 Oven Dry Rodded Density = 1921 kg/m Absorption (on OD) = 0.1% Moisture Content of Lab Sample = 3.5% (on OD) c) Fine Aggregate Bulk Oven Dry Specific Gravity Fineness Modulus Absorption (on OD) Moisture Content of Lab Sample = 2.54 = 2.68 = 0.2% = 5% (on OD) d) AEA Dosage Recommended by Manufacturer = 9.4 mL/(1% air content)/100 kg of cement Assume that without AEA, there is ZERO air content. Assume that the specific gravity is that of water e) WRA Water demand may be reduced by 10% by adding 3 ml (or 3 B) per kg of cement Assume specific gravity is the same as that of water. Table 1: Compressive strength at 28 days, MPa 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 Water-cementitious materials ratio by mass Non-air-entrained Air-entrained concrete concrete 0.38 0.30 0.42 0.34 0.47 0.39 0.54 0.45 0.61 0.52 0.69 0.60 0.79 0.70 (1) What is the target compressive strength (in MPa)? (2) What would be your choice of slump (in mm)? (3) What is the required water content (in kg per cubic meter)? (4) What is the required air content (in %)? (5) What is the water-to-binder ratio? (6) What is the cement content (in kg per cubic meter)? (7) What is the coarse aggregate content (lab or stockpile state, in kg/cubic meter)? (8) What is the fine aggregate content (absolute volume method, lab or stockpile state, in kg/cubic meter)? (9) What is the amount of water to be added (in kg per cubic meter)? (10) What is the amount of air-entraining agent (in kg per cubic meter)? (11) What is the amount of water reducing admixture i.e., WRA (in kg per cubic meter)? For the mix designed in the previous question, modify the amount of cementitious materials, if it is required that Silica Fume (SF), Fly Ash (FA) and Metakaolin (MK) are to be blended with the cement in the following manner: a) By mass replacement of cement as: SF = 5%; Metakaolin = 5%; FA = 15% b) By volume replacement of cement as SF = 5%; Metakaolin = 5%; FA = 15% Assume that Metakaolin behaves like a natural pozzolan. Use the following material properties. Bulk Densities: SF = 430 kg/m3, MK = 1750 kg/m?; FA = 2300 kg/m. = By mass replacement: What is the cement content (in kg/cubic meter)? (i) What is the silica fume content (in kg/cubic meter)? (ii) What is the metakaolin content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iv) What is the fly ash content (in kg/cubic meter)? By volume replacement: What is the cement content (in kg/cubic meter)? (m) What is the silica fume content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iii) What is the metakaolin content (in kg/cubic meter)? (iv) What is the fly ash content (in kg/cubic meter)