Given the following preferred direction (PD) vectors corresponding to 4 neurons, what is the population vector corresponding to the neural activities n1 = 3, n2 = 0, n3 = 10, n4 = 1? Report answer in a vector format [a; b; c; d] without the single quotation marks. Use the definition where the PDs are not necessarily the same length.

PD1 = [0; -1; 1; 1];

PD2 = [1; 1; 0; 0];

PD3 = [0; -1; 1; -1];

PD4 = [0; 1; -1; 1];

Many neurons show tuning when exposed to a particular stimulus feature; for example, the firing rates of a subtype of neurons in visual cortex (V1) will not only increase when presented with an image of an oriented bar of light, but the firing rate is also modulated by the angle of the bar. The firing rate decreases back to a baseline level when the stimulus is removed. In 2-4 sentences explain why this is NOT an example of working memory.

Calculate the overlap between the vectors

v1 = [+1;+1;-1;+1;-1;-1;+1;-1]

and

x = [-1;+1;-1;-1;+1;+1;+1;-1].

Your answer should be in the range -1 to 1 (-1 and +1 included).