G.L. is a 56-year-old man who fainted while exercising. He reports having heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, and fatigue, all of which are often precipitated by increased exertion. Symptoms may last an hour or more, compelling him to remain inactive until they stop. Physical Exam: Average body frame. Height = 6'2"; Weight = 250 pounds Heart Rate = 80 bpm (normal = 70 bpm). Heart sounds indicate a mid-systolic ejection murmur, heard best over the "aortic area" or right second intercostal space, with radiation into the right neck. S2 was weak and a prominent fourth heart sound ($4) was heard. Blood pressure = 127/85; Respiration rate = 18 breaths/min (normal = 12-18 breaths/min) Blood Tests for G.L. Cardiac Troponin I G.L.'s values Normal values Cardiac Troponin I (cTnl) 0.01 ng/mL