Gw IDUD 4.1: Shape and Direction of Associations Name: When examining a scatter diagram, we say it implies either a relation or no relation depending on whether or not it appears there is some corresponding change in the response values as the explanatory values change (whether a relation actually exists is determined by further analysis). Further, if the scatter diagram does imply a relation, then it is either linear or non-linear depending on whether or not the cluster of points seems to mimic a line. To determine the shape of an association is to determine whether its scatter diagram implies a linear relation, non-linear relation, or no relation. Lastly, to describe the direction of an association is to determine whether it is a positive or negative association. Def: We say that two variables are positively associated if, whenever the value of one of the variables increases, the value of the other variable also increases. We say that two variables are negatively associated if, whenever the value of one of the variables increases, the value of the other variable decreases. For each of the following scatter diagrams, determine the shape and, if the implied relation is linear, determine the direction