Health Behavior Case History and Survey

Case History

You currently serve as a health promotion specialist for a local community health organization. The organization was interested in learning about general health behaviors in the community, and the relationships between these health behaviors and environmental and social determinants.

You developed a short eight-question survey to gather information and will use the survey results to inform the development of a health promotion intervention. The survey allowed you to collect primary data based on convenient sample of people visiting the local shopping grocery store. Participants were offered $5 in exchange for completing the survey.

The "Health Behavior Dataset", located in the Excel worksheet, includes 30 observations from this survey. Refer to the data from this survey to complete the assignment.

Survey

ID (to be completed by researcher): _____ _____ _____

Demographics

1. How old are you? __________

2. What is your sex?

• Male
• Female

3. Are you currently employed?

• Yes
• No

4. What is your highest level of education?

• Less than High school
• Graduated High School
• Graduated College

5. What is your annual income? __________

Height and Weight

6. How much do you weigh in pounds? __________

7. What is your height in inches? __________

Smoking Status

8. Do you smoke?

• Yes
• No

Descriptive Statistics in Excel Worksheet

Use Microsoft Excel to analyze the information in the "Health Behavior Data Set" and answer the questions below.

ID	Age	Sex	Employed	Education_Level***	Annual_Income*	Weight	Height	Smoker
101	45	Female	Yes	2	51000	190	60	No
102	58	Male	No	2	23000	150	68	No
103	31	Female	Yes	3	35000	100	65	Yes
104	54	Male	No	1	10000	120	66	No
105	30	Female	Yes	1	28000	150	70	Yes
106	18	Female	No	2	5000	125	62	Yes
107	39	Female	Yes	3	46000	110	61	No
108	37	Male	Yes	1	36000	250	66	Yes
109	44	Female	Yes	2	51000	240	68	Yes
110	24	Male	No	2	12000	280	75	No
111	42	Female	Yes	3	78000	120	63	No
112	50	Male	Yes	1	34000	180	74	No
113	20	Female	No	1	15000	160	63	Yes
114	35	Male	Yes	3	28000	150	72	No
115	61	Male	Yes	2	28000	175	65	No
116	59	Male	No	1	24000	180	64	No
117	36	Female	Yes	2	55000	210	64	No
118	35	Male	Yes	3	62000	180	69	Yes
119	29	Male	No	2	32000	100	70	Yes
120	32	Female	No	1	7000	110	64	No
121	26	Female	No	2	17000	205	65	Yes
122	42	Female	Yes	3	64000	200	65	No
123	52	Male	No	2	5000	160	71	No
124	49	Male	No	1	14000	165	72	No
125	21	Female	No	1	20000	175	67	No
126	48	Male	Yes	3	72000	165	73	Yes
127	40	Female	Yes	3	85000	170	69	Yes
128	53	Female	No	1	15000	245	73	No
129	46	Male	Yes	3	64000	175	68	No
130	42	Male	Yes	3	27000	250	70	Yes

How many participants are in the sample? 30

Descriptive Statistics for Age

Sort by age

1. What is the age range? 43

Enable the "Data Analysis ToolPak" in Excel. Use the Data Analysis Feature to find the mean and standard deviation for age.

a. What is the mean age? 39.93333333

b. What is the standard deviation for age? 11.9017047

Age
Mean	39.93333333
Standard Error	2.172944045
Median	41
Mode	42
Standard Deviation	11.9017047
Sample Variance	141.6505747
Kurtosis	-0.790709921
Skewness	-0.090911788
Range	43
Minimum	18
Maximum	61
Sum	1198
Count	30

c. Copy and Paste the Descriptive Statistics Output for age here:

Descriptive Statistics for Annual Income

Use the Data Analysis Feature to find the mean and standard deviation for the Annual Income.

a. What is the mean income? 34766.66667

b. What is the standard deviation for income? 22875.50012

c. Copy and Paste the Descriptive Statistics Output for income here:

Annual_Income*
Mean	34766.66667
Standard Error	4176.47581
Median	28000
Mode	28000
Standard Deviation	22875.50012
Sample Variance	523288505.7
Kurtosis	-0.60984206
Skewness	0.644837619
Range	80000
Minimum	5000
Maximum	85000
Sum	1043000
Count	30

Frequencies for Smoking Variable

Use the Pivot Table Feature to create frequency tables for the smoker variable.

1. What percent of the sample identify as smokers? ___________40%____________________________
2. Copy and Paste the Pivot Table here:

	Row Labels	Count of Smoker
	No	60.00%
	Yes	40.00%
	Grand Total	100.00%

Frequencies for Sex Variable

Use the Pivot Table Feature to create frequency tables for sex.

a. What percent of the sample identified as male? ______50%_______________

b. What percent of the sample identified as female? ________50%___________

c. Copy and Paste the Pivot Table here:

Row Labels	Count of Sex
Female	50.00%
Male	50.00%
Grand Total	100.00%

I have included the data table in the information above - Nothing is missing. These are the two parts of the question set that I do not understand well enough in which to formulate the essay I am writing for this assignment. I pretty much have the first part even, I just want to make sure I am not missing something - I have concluded that the 30 survey results is not a representative sample for the average community, because that would mean the community size is only 300 people and that certainly is not a very large community on any scale. It is the second question that has me the most stuck.

1. Describe the sample. Based on the calculated descriptive statistics and frequencies, what do we know about the sample.
2. Discuss two additional variables that could have been included in the survey to gain a better understanding of the population.