Help with multiple choice below

Paul Lewis is the quality review partner on the Richards & Co. engagement. He was reviewing the workpapers prior to the December 31, 2015, annual audit when he came across transactions that caused him a great deal of concern. He wondered if the firms auditors had handled them properly. The following information appeared in a memo to the file that prompted his concern.

Memo to File: Supplier Credits for Returned Product

For the last three quarters of the year, Richards has engaged in last-minute transactions that are questionable. The facts are, according to the client, that Richards received credits from a cellular phone supplier and promised to repay the supplier by purchasing cellular telephone and repair services at inflated prices in the subsequent quarter. The client has been unable to produce any supporting documents with respect to the promised purchases, and we have not been able to trace any such payments to cash disbursements.

The client has produced credit memos in the amount of $10 million, $7 million, and $4 million for December 31, 2015, September 30, 2015, and June 30, 2015, respectively, which is about 15 percent of the reported net income for 2015. The memos are marked to indicate that the credit was being provided in connection with defective telephone components. However, we could not identify any shipping documents to confirm that the components were returned to the supplier. Exhibit 1 shows the reported net income amounts by quarter and what they would have been without the credits.

Exhibit 1
Net Income Amounts
	Quarters for 2015
	March 31				June 30				September 30				December 31
Reported net income	$	36	million		$	32	million		$	33	million		$	34	million
Net income w/o credits	$	36	million		$	28	million		$	26	million		$	24	million
Difference	$	0			$	4	million		$	7	million		$	10	million
Percentage					14.3%				26.9%				41.7%

We have filed 10-Q quarterly reports to the SEC based on the reported net income. We recommend, however, the firm conduct due diligence prior to publishing the 10-K annual report.

The client assures us that the promised purchases will be made and the only reason for not doing so is a cash flow problem. We are relying on managements representations in that regard. Richards is currently negotiating a loan for $20 million.

Question 1

The second law of torts establishes liability to which of the following?

Clients

Actually foreseen third parties

Reasonably foreseeable third parties

Collateralized lenders to the client, their reliance on wrong information would establish a tort or wrong against the lender by the auditor

Question 2

Richards has filed quarterly reports to the SEC based on information supplied by management. A potential concern of such reliance is which of the following?

rev: 04_01_2017_QC_CS-84600

Privity only

Liability to 3rd parties.

Liability to foreseen 3rd parties only.

Liability to reasonably foreseen 3rd parties only.