Henry was very upset with his neighbor. Henry believed that the neighbor's son intentionally cut down Henry's flowers. Henry walked to his neighbor's house and confronted him in the driveway. Henry was hysterical, yelling at the neighbor and threatening to call the police on the neighbor's son. The neighbor, Rich, calmly said to Henry, "You better stop yelling at me, walk back to your house, and stop accusing my son of these things. If not, I'm going to pick you up and throw you back in your yard." Henry believed that he was at risk of serious harm based on Rich's threat. In response, Henry raised his garden rake and hit Rich over the head. Rich suffered serious injuries. When Henry was charged with several crimes related to his actions, Henry claimed self-defense.

Question 1 options:

	Henry's self-defense claim will succeed.
	Henry's self-defense claim will fail because Henry was on Rich's property.
	Henry's self-defense claim will fail because Henry was the initial aggressor.
	Both B and C.

Question 2 (1 point)

Saved

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The modern trend in self-defense law is to require people to make all effort to retreat before resorting to using deadly force in self-defense.

Question 2 options:

	True
	False

Question 3 (1 point)

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Randy approached Mike with a gun. Randy was pointing the gun at Mike. Mike knew Randy well. Mike was 100 percent confident that Randy would not shoot Mike. As such, Mike was not in fear. Despite this, Mike responded to Randy, by pulling out his own gun and shooting Randy. Randy died. Mike claimed self-defense.

Question 3 options:

	Mike's self-defense claim will succeed because Randy threatened Mike with deadly force.
	Mike's self-defense claim will succeed because the threat was imminent.
	Mike's self-defense claim will not succeed.
	Both A and B.

Question 4 (1 point)

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After a person is found guilty of a capital crime, the decision about whether the person will receive the death penalty is made by:

Question 4 options:

	The judge.
	The jury.
	The prosecutor.
	None of the above.

Question 5 (1 point)

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The most common method of execution today is:

Question 5 options:

	Electrocution.
	Lethal Injection.
	Hanging.
	The Firing Squad.

Question 6 (1 point)

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A guilty verdict and conviction in one of the subset of First Degree Murders that is charged and prosecuted as Capital Murder does not automatically mean that the convicted offender will be sentenced to death.

Question 6 options:

	True
	False

Question 7 (1 point)

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Justice Breyer's critique of the death penalty in Glossip v. Gross argues that the application of the death penalty is:

Question 7 options:

	Unreliable.
	Arbitrary.
	Subject to excessive delays.
	All of the above.

Question 8 (1 point)

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From the perspective of the prosecutor, Clear and Convincing is a less demanding standard of proof than Beyond a Reasonable Doubt.

Question 8 options:

	True
	False

Question 9 (1 point)

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The justifications the Supreme Court provided for requiring proof beyond a reasonable doubt for criminal convictions include:

Question 9 options:

	Limiting the discretion of police in deciding when to arrest someone.
	Securing the community's respect for the criminal justice system.
	Increasing the efficiency of the criminal justice system.
	All of the above.

Question 10 (1 point)

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Common causes of wrongful convictions include:

Question 10 options:

	Unreliable informant (snitch) testimony.
	Eyewitness misidentifications.
	Unreliable forensic science techniques.
	All of the above.

Question 11 (1 point)

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Incarceration rates in the United States have increased as a result of:

Question 11 options:

	Aggressive Prosecutorial Practices.
	Increased funding for public defense attorneys.
	Higher Crime Rates.
	A and C.

Question 12 (1 point)

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Collateral consequences of a criminal conviction include:

Question 12 options:

	Being ordered to pay a fine as part of your sentence.
	Being sentenced to probation.
	Being sentenced to a term of years in prison.
	None of the above.

Question 13 (1 point)

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Collateral consequences of a conviction can only be imposed for serious felony convictions.

Question 13 options:

	True
	False

Question 14 (1 point)

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Despite constitutional protections that forbid adding new punishments for past criminal behavior that has already been adjudicated (i.e., the prohibition on ex post facto laws), it is constitutional to add new collateral consequences to past criminal conduct.

Question 14 options:

	True
	False

Question 15 (1 point)

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States are permitted to prevent people who have criminal convictions from voting in elections.

Question 15 options:

	True
	False

Question 16 (1 point)

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Applying the utilitarian theory of punishment requires consideration of the following:

Question 16 options:

	Deterrence.
	Incapacitation.
	Reform or Rehabilitation.
	All of the above.

Question 17 (1 point)

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A criminal statute can fail to comply with the Doctrine of Legality because:

Question 17 options:

	It is overly vague.
	It is too costly for the police to administer.
	It prohibits conduct that is not criminalized by the federal government.
	All of the above.

Question 18 (1 point)

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Every criminal statute must include an element that represents a consciously willed bodily movement.

Question 18 options:

	True
	False

Question 19 (1 point)

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The Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment prevents people from being convicted of felonies based on the failure to take action to prevent social harm.

Question 19 options:

	True
	False

Question 20 (1 point)

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Common law burglary is defined as follows: "Breaking and entering the dwelling house of another at night with the intent to commit a crime therein." The mens rea component of common law burglary is:

Question 20 options:

	Breaking and Entering.
	At night.
	With the intent to commit a crime therein.
	All of the above.

Question 21 (1 point)

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Some crimes do not include a mens rea component.

Question 21 options:

	True
	False

Question 22 (1 point)

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If Person A is a but-for cause of the social harm prohibited by a criminal statute and Person B is a separate but-for cause of the same social harm, then Person A and Person B could never be convicted of that crime beyond a reasonable doubt.

Question 22 options:

	True
	False

Question 23 (1 point)

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Chris went grocery shopping. While unloading the bagged groceries from his cart to his car, Chris realized that he hadn't paid for at item that was on the bottom shelf of his grocery cart when he went through the check-out line.

Question 23 options:

	Chris committed larceny regardless of whether he realized this before loading his groceries into his car.
	Chris's mistake in failing to pay for the item constitutes larceny.
	A and B.
	None of the above.

Question 24 (1 point)

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In order to allow police to have the discretion to intervene in criminal behavior at the earliest possible stage, the crime of attempt criminalizes all steps taken in preparation for the ultimate, underlying crime.

Question 24 options:

	True
	False

Question 25 (1 point)

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An accomplice must intend to aid the principal actor in the crime and must actually provide aid or assistance to the principal actor in a crime.

Question 25 options:

	True
	False

Question 26 (1 point)

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The crime of conspiracy can be completed by a single actor.

Question 26 options:

	True
	False

Question 27 (1 point)

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For purposes of First Degree Murder, premeditation and deliberation are the same thing.

Question 27 options:

	True
	False

Question 28 (1 point)

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It is possible to be convicted of Second Degree Murder even if the prosecutor fails to prove that the defendant intended to kill the victim.

Question 28 options:

	True
	False

Question 29 (1 point)

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To secure a conviction of Voluntary Manslaughter, the prosecutor must prove that the defendant intended to kill the victim.

Question 29 options:

	True
	False

Question 30 (Bonus) (1 point)

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To secure a criminal conviction, the prosecution must prove each element of the crime beyond all doubt.

Question 30 options:

	True
	False

Question 31 (Bonus) (1 point)

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Approximately how many people in the United States have criminal records?

Question 31 options:

	1 million
	5 million
	10 million
	100 million

Question 32 (Bonus) (1 point)

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In order to prove felony murder, the prosecutor must prove that the defendant intended to kill the victim.

Question 32 options:

	True
	False

Question 33 (Bonus) (1 point)

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Self-defense permits a person to respond with deadly force under any circumstances where the person believes he faces a threat of deadly force.

Question 33 options:

	True
	False