Here are book- and market-value balance sheets of the United Frypan Company:

Book-Value Balance Sheet Net working capital $ 80 Debt $ 55 Long-term assets 20 Equity 45 $ 100 $ 100

Market-Value Balance Sheet Net working capital $ 80 Debt $ 55 Long-term assets 145 Equity 170 $ 225 $ 225

Assume that MM's theory holds except for taxes. There is no growth, and the $55 of debt is expected to be permanent. Assume a 37% corporate tax rate.

a. How much of the firm's market value is accounted for by the debt-generated tax shield?

b. What is United Frypan's after-tax WACC if r_Debt = 6.0% and r_Equity = 17.0%? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places.)

c. Now suppose that Congress passes a law that eliminates the deductibility of interest for tax purposes after a grace period of 5 years. What will be the new value of the firm, other things equal? Assume a borrowing rate of 6.0%. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)