HI, here are the questions, thank you!

12. An increase in the Fed Funds Rate by the Federal Reserve will affect real interest rates because: a) ination is sticky in the short run b) of the quantity theory of money c) prices are exible in the short run and the long run d) contracts apply in the long run e) output is equal to potential. 13. Consider a monetary rule where the difference between the real interest rate, R, and the marginal product of capital, 1'", is related to the inflation gap by parameter t = 1/ 2. Initially the difference between the real interest rate and the return on capital rate is zero, F = 2 and ination is at target. If actual ination rises by 2%, according to the rule the central bank should: a) lower the real interest rate to 2% b) raise the real interest rate to 3% c) target the marginal product of capital d) increase the money supply e) raise the real interest rate to 1% 14. In the Romer model, if an economy's research share decreases, there will be: a) an immediate decrease in output and output growth slows b) an immediate increase in output but output growth slows c) an immediate increase in output and output growth accelerates d) an immediate decrease in output but output growth accelerates e) no change in output but output growth slows. 15. Consider a simple economy producing two goods: coffee and TVs. In 2018 the economy produced 1,000 pounds of coffee and 20 TVs. In 2019 the economy produced 1,000 pounds of coffee and 20 TVs. The price of one TV was $1,000 in both years, while the price of coffee decreased from $6 per pound in 2018 to $5 per pound in 2019. Based on this information, the percentage change in real GDP in chained prices benchmarked to 2019 is a) 0 percent b) 10 percent c) -10 percent d) 20 percent e) 15 percent