Hi! I have been stuck on these two correlating questions for hours. I am very confused, and I have attached screenshots that are necessary to answer the following questions. Thank you so much!
Background Most doctors would probably agree that a Mediterranean diet, rich in vegetables, fruits, and grains, is healthier than a high-saturated fat diet. Indeed, previous research has found that the diet can lower risk of heart disease. However, there is still considerable uncertainty about whether the Mediterranean diet is superior to a low-fat diet recommended by the American Heart Association. This study is the first to compare these two diets. More information on the study is available here. De Lorgeril, M., Salen, P., Martin, J., Monjaud, I., Boucher, P., Mamelle, N. (1998). Mediterranean Dietary pattern in a Randomized Trial. Archives of Internal Medicine, 158, 1181-1187.Experimental Design The subjects, 605 survivors of a heart attack, were randomly assigned follow either (1) a diet close to the \"prudent diet step 1" of the American Heart Association [control group) or (2) a Mediterranean-type diet consisting of more bread and cereals, more fresh fruit and vegetables, more grains, more sh, fewer delicatessen food, less meat. An experimental canola-oil-based margarine was used instead of butter or cream. The oils recommended for salad and food preparation were canola and olive oils exclusively. Moderate red wine consumption was allowed. Over a four-year period, patients in the experimental condition were initially seen by the dietician, two months later, and then once a year. lCompliance with the dietary intervention was checked by a dietary survey and analyses of plasma fatty acids. Patients in the control group were expected to follow the dietary advice given by their physician. The researchers collected infon'uation on number of deaths from cardiovascular causes e.g., heart attack, strokes, as well as number of nonfatal heart-related episodes. The occurrence of malignant and nonmalignant tumors was also carefully monitored. Question 16 [1 point} Please read about the study on whether diet improves one's health. Click here --the page will open in a new window. Read both the \"background" and \"experimental design" sections. Please respond to this and the following question. 1H'li'hich of the following is the best description of the type of study? 0 A} A posttest-only control group design (:3 B} A pretest-posttest control group design 0 C} A survey 0 D} A one-group pretest-posttest design 0 El A nonequivalent control group design 1' Hide hint for Question 1s Remember to focus on the [N in the study to identify the study type. Question 1? [2 points} Imagine at some point during the diet study that researchers measured stress in both the experimental and control groups, with stress meaured on a scale of 1-? [higher numbers indicating higher stress}. How would you interpret the following condence interval? Upper bound: 1 Question '1? [2 points} Imagine at some point during the diet study that researchers measured stress in both the experimental and control groups, with stress meaured on a scale of 1-? [higher numbers indicating higher stress}. How would you interpret the following condence interval? Upper bound: 1 Lower bound: -1 O A} Reject the null hypothesis: diet has no effect on stress. 0 Bl Fail to reject the null hypothesis: diet affects stress. 0 C} Fail to reject the null hypothesis: diet has no effect on stress. O D] Reject the null hypothesis: diet affects stress
