Hi! I really need help with solving these questions!

Job & Process Costing Billowy Materials Company makes various pillow ll for a wide variety of resellers. Because of the semi-custom nature of Billowly's production, Billowly has traditionally used a job costing system in each of its three manufacturing departments. Manufacturing overhead is currently being applied to jobs on the basis of direct labor costs in the fabrication department, direct labor hours in the preparation department, and machine hours in the nishing department. For the current year, the following estimates had been generated by management based on a recent period's results and expectations for changes in market demand. Department Fabrication Preparation Finishing Manufacturing Overhead $840,000 $1,500,000 $720,000 Direct labor costs $1,400,000 $1,250,000 $450,000 Direct labor hours 100,000 125,000 40,000 Machine hours 400,000 500,000 120,000 Please refer to the department and job cost records data le for job-specic cost and pricing information (where appropriate), as well as manufacturing overhead incurred in each department, for the current month (found in the \"Notes and Dept Information\" tab). Note that a blank selling price reects a job that is still in process or remains in inventory, which will also be denoted in the status eld. Using the estimates above and the job cost records data, answer the following: 1) What was the predetermined overhead rate for each department for the year? 2) What were the total manufacturing costs assigned to jobs in each department this month? 3) What was the under- or over-applied overhead for each department at the end of the month? What might this tell you about the full year overhead estimates in each department? 4) What was the total cost of ending work in process inventory & total cost of goods sold? 5) What was the overall gross margin of Billowy for the period? Some of Billowy's upperlevel managers believe that Billowy's orders have become decreasingly customized in recent periods, and that the products leaving the production facilities are more and more similar. One of Billowy's executives believes the company could simplify its costing sytem as a result, and switch to a process costing system encompassing all three of the abovelisted departments together. Assume that none of the units shown in the data set were in process at the start of the period. With this in mind, determine the following: 1) The equivalent units of production for materials and conversion. 2) The unit costs of production for materials and conversion. 3) The assignment of costs to units transferred out (to finished goods) and in process at the end of the period. 4) Please also prepare a cost reconciliation report for this 'combined' process. 5) Do you see any evidence in the job cost data to suggest that the exec's claim of more and more \"standard\" products has merit? Why or why not? Job Department Cost_Category Amount_of Input |Cost Units_In_Job Percent_Complete_Materials |Percent_Complete_Conversion|Status End_Selling_Pric 1 Fabrication Direct_Labor 250 6200 100 100 Sold 72777 1 Fabrication Direct_Materials 762 800 100 100 Sold 72777 1 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 150 100 100 Sold 72777 1 Finishing Direct_Labor 175 1925 100 72777 1 Finishing Direct_Materials 1220 3050 100 72777 1 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 643 3858 100 72777 1 Preparation Direct_Labor 603 100 72777 1 Preparation Direct_Materials 290 7100 100 72777 1 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 603 7236 100 72777 2 Fabrication Direct_Labor 500 10000 100 100 Completed 2 Fabrication Direct_Materials 876 9200 100 100 Completed 2 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 300 360 100 100 Completed 2 Finishing Direct_Labor 200 2200 100 100 Completed 2 Finishing Direct_Materials 1190 2975 100 100 Completed 2 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 396 100 100 Completed 2 Preparation Direct_Labor 570 5700 100 100 Completed 2 Preparation Direct_Materials 192 470 100 100 Completed 2 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 570 6840 5800 100 100 Completed 3 Fabrication Direct_Labor 377 7540 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Fabrication Direct_Materials 381 400 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 226 2712 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Finishing Direct_Labor 131 1441 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Finishing Direct_Materials 2240 560 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 571 3426 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Preparation Direct_Labor 583 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Preparation Direct_Materials 98 240 100 100 Sold 71785 3 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 583 6996 100 100 Sold 71785 4 Fabrication Direct_Labor 218 7850 100 100 Completed 4 Fabrication Direct_Materials 714 100 100 Completed 4 Fabrication Mfg Overhead_Applied 131 100 100 Completed 4 Finishing Direct_Labor 130 1430 100 Completed 4 Finishing Direct_Materials 978 2445 100 Completed 4 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 508 304 100 Completed 4 Preparation Direct_Labor 544 5440 100 Completed 4 Preparation Direct_Materials 27 100 Completed 4 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 544 785 100 Completed 5 Fabrication Direct_Labor 751 15020 900 100 Sold 72000 5 Fabrication Direct_Materials 690 900 100 Sold 72000 5 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 451 5412 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Finishing Direct_Labor 207 2277 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Finishing Direct_Materials 2240 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 597 358 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Preparation Direct_Labor 535 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Preparation Direct_Materials 373 900 100 100 Sold 72000 5 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 535 6420 900 100 100 Sold 72000 6 Fabrication Direct_Labor 555 11100 100 100 Completed 6 Fabrication Direct_Materials 581 610 100 100 Completed6 Fabrication Direct_Labor 555 11100 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Fabrication Direct_Materials 581 6100 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 333 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Finishing Direct_Labor 132 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Finishing Direct_Materials 1440 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 571 3426 4500 100 100 Completed Direct_Labor 545 4500 100 100 Completed 6 Preparation Direct_Materials 279 100 100 Completed 6 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 6540 100 100 Completed 7 Fabrication Direct_Labor 410 3200 500 100 100 Sold 49500 7 Fabrication Direct_Material 610 6400 7500 100 100 Sold 49500 7 Fabrication Mfg Overhead_Applied 246 2952 7500 100 100 Sold 49500 7 Finishing Direct_Labor 130 1430 750 100 100 Sold 49500 7 Finishing Direct_Materials 1240 3100 7500 100 100 Sold 19500 7 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 553 3318 7500 100 100 Sold 49500 7 Preparation 560 100 100 Sold 7 Preparation Direct_Materials 290 7100 100 49500 7 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 560 6720 7500 100 100 Sold 49500 8 Fabrication Direct_Labor 425 8500 6500 100 100 Sold 61500 8 Fabrication Direct_Materials 648 100 100 Sold 61500 8 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 255 6500 100 61500 8 Finishing Direct_Labor 200 2200 6500 100 100 Sold 61500 8 Finishing Direct_Materials 6500 100 100 Sold 61500 8 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 476 2856 100 100 Sold 8 Preparation Direct_Labor 580 100 61500 8 Preparation Direct_Materials 304 7450 6500 100 100 Sold 61500 Mfg_Overhead_Applied 580 6960 6500 100 100 Sold 61500 9 Fabrication 275 5500 100 100 Sold 88100 9 Fabrication Direct_Materials 733 7700 000 100 100 Sold 38100 9 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 165 1980 100 100 Sold 88100 9 Finishing Direct_Labor 221 8000 100 100 Sold 88100 9 Finishing Direct_Materials 960 2400 8000 100 Mfg_Overhead_Applied 446 8000 100 88100 9 Finishing 9 Preparation Direct_Labor 480 4800 000 100 100 Sold 88100 167 4100 3000 100 100 Sold 88100 9 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 480 3000 100 100 Sold 88100 10 Fabrication Direct_Labor 322 5440 350 LOO 100 Completed 10 Fabrication Direct_Materials 743 7800 8500 100 100 Completed 10 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 193 2316 8500 100 100 Completed 10 Finishing Direct_Labor 188 100 100 Completed 10 Finishing Direct_Materials 2140 8500 100 100 Completed 10 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 507 3042 3500 100 100 Completed 10 Preparation Direct_Labor 526 5260 8500 100 100 Completed 10 Preparation Direct_Materials 322 100 100 Completed 10 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 526 6312 850 100 100 Completed11 Fabrication Direct_Labor 400 8000 8500 100 100 Completed 11 Fabrication Direct_Materials 686 7200 100 100 Completed 11 Fabrication Mig_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 100 100 Completed 11 Finishing Direct_Labor 198 2178 3500 100 100 Completed 11 Finishing Direct_Materials 1360 3400 3500 100 100 Completed 11 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 520 3120 8500 100 100 Completed 11 Preparation Direct_Labor 505 5050 100 Completed 11 Preparation Direct_Material 331 8100 3500 100 100 Completed 11 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 505 5060 100 100 Completed 12 Fabrication Direct_Labor 394 7880 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Fabrication Direct_Materials 619 6500 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 236 2832 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Finishing Direct_Labor 174 1914 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Finishing Direct_Materials 4335 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 500 3000 100 100 Completed 12 Preparation Direct_Labor 505 5050 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Preparation Direct_Materials 206 5050 7500 100 100 Completed 12 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 505 6060 7500 100 100 Completed 13 Fabrication Direct_Labor 400 8000 100 100 Completed 13 Fabrication Direct_Materials 535 5620 6200 100 100 Completed 13 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 6200 100 100 Completed 13 Finishing Direct_Labor 181 1991 6200 100 100 Completed 13 Finishing Direct_Materials 1600 4000 6200 100 100 Completed 13 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 481 288 6200 100 100 Completed 13 Preparation Direct_Labor 551 510 200 100 100 Completed 13 Preparation Direct_Materials 196 4800 5200 100 100 Completed 13 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 551 5200 100 100 Completed 14 Fabrication Direct_Labor 320 6400 100 100 Completed 14 Fabrication Direct_Materials 655 7200 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 192 2304 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Finishing Direct_Labor 180 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Finishing Direct_Materials 8091 4020 100 100 Completed 14 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 520 3120 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Preparation Direct_Labor 567 5670 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Preparation Direct_Materials 333 7500 100 100 Completed 14 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 567 6804 750 100 100 Completed 15 Fabrication Direct_Labor 400 100 100 Completed 15 Fabrication Direct_Materials 653 7180 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Finishing Direct_Labor 175 1925 7500 100 Completed 15 Finishing Direct_Materials 1598 3995 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 514 3084 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Preparation Direct_Labor 571 5710 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Preparation Direct_Materials 249 6100 7500 100 100 Completed 15 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 571 6852 7500 100 100 Completed16 Fabrication Direct_Labor 400 8000 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Fabrication Direct_Materials 650 7150 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Finishing Direct_Labor 175 1925 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Finishing Direct_Materials 1604 4010 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 526 3156 7500 100 00 Completed 16 Preparation Direct_Labor 551 5510 100 100 Completed 16 Preparation Direct_Materials 247 6050 7500 100 100 Completed 16 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 551 6612 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Fabrication Direct_Labor 402 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Fabrication Direct_Materials 659 7250 100 100 Completed 17 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 241 2892 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Finishing Direct_Labor 173 1903 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Finishing Direct_Materials 1600 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 517 310 100 100 Completed 17 Preparation Direct_Labor 552 5520 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Preparation Direct_Materials 245 6000 7500 100 100 Completed 17 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 552 5624 7500 100 100 Completed 18 Fabrication Direct_Labor 100 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Fabrication Direct_Materials 536 7000 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Finishing Direct_Labor 87.5 962.5 70 70 In_Process 18 Finishing Direct_Materials 804 2010 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 259 500 70 70 In_Process 18 Preparation Direct_Labor 557 5570 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Preparation Direct_Materials 253 6200 7500 70 70 In_Process 18 Preparation Mfg_Overhead Applied 557 5684 7500 70 70 In_Process 19 Fabrication Direct_Labor 100 300 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Fabrication Direct_Materials 641 7050 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 240 2880 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Finishing Direct_Labor 90 990 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Finishing Direct_Materials 800 2000 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 258 1548 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Preparation Direct_Labor 560 5600 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Preparation Direct_Materials 247 6050 7500 75 75 In_Process 19 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 560 5720 7500 75 75 In_Process 20 Fabrication Direct_Labor 401 8020 7500 50 50 In_Process 20 Fabrication Direct_Materials 645 7100 7500 50 50 In_Process 20 Fabrication Mfg_Overhead_Applied 241 50 50 In_Process 20 Finishing Direct_Labor 50 50 In_Process 20 Finishing Direct_Materials 0 500 50 50 In_Process 20 Finishing Mfg_Overhead_Applied 7500 50 50 In_Process 20 Preparation Direct_Labor 277.5 2775 7500 50 50 In_Process 20 Preparation Direct_Materials 123.5 3030 7500 50 50 In_Process 20 Preparation Mfg_Overhead_Applied 277.5 3330 7500 50 50 In_ProcessFor the current month, records show the following: Fabrication Preparation Finishing Manufacturing Overhead Incurred $ 64,000.00 $ 124,000.00 $ 52,000.00 Notes for Job Cost Summaries Data: 1. Each record summarizes the transactions recorded for the period for each job, department, and cost category. If a job has "0" for any cost category in any department, the job has not reached that department. 2. The "amount of input" field would be different for different cost categories. For example, for direct materials, it may indicate pounds of raw materials, etc. For direct labor, it would be labor hours, and so on. 3. Columns F-J are specific to a job only, and not each department. Thus, they represent the job's overall status, percent complete, and so forth and these fields "repeat." If this were a relational database, this information would be stored in a separate table to prevent repetition (the concept of "normalization," for those familiar with database principles