1. How big was the volume of international maritime trade in 2019 according to an estimate from CRSL?
2. What are the three key loading categories of international maritime trade? Name a key commodity for each of them.
3. What does CRSL stand for and what does it do/ to whom does it belong?
4. What are the three major cost categories of the shipping industry and what is a major item in these categories?
5. Name the four ways in which shipping markets are organized today and list a realistic commodity type for each of the four ways. Explain why you think that commodity is a typical/realistic example.
6. How did the multinational companies persuade/convince the ship-owners to invest their money in the new "giant" tankers in the 50ies/60ies? Explain, why the ship-owners been reluctant initially.
7. What are "economies of scale" in shipping and from what phenomenon do they result? Illustrate the idea with the help of a graph.
8. If it follows from "economies of scale", that big ships are always cheaper in every trade, then why are there still small ships being used? Explain - using a few sentences each - three reasons, why smaller ships are an economic necessity for the market!
9. What is the most important driver of international maritime trade?
10. How is the trade international maritime trade development different for developed economies and developing economies?
11. Explain: what are the major challenges for the future development of international maritime transport in 2022.