How is it possible that ozone can have both a positive forcing effect and a negative forcing effect on global warming? The image below compares downgoing solar radiation transmission from the sun to the Earth with upgoing thermal radiation transmission from the Earth to outer space.

-From the plot, identify the portion of the radiation spectrum where ozone has a positive radiative forcing effect and the portion of the radiation spectrum where ozone has a negative radiative forcing effect. Identify these portions of the spectrum by naming the corresponding wavelengths (horizontal axis).

-Describe why the positive radiative forcing effect occurs and why the negative radiative forcing effect occurs.

Radiation Transmitted by the Atmosphere 0.2 10 70 Downgoing Solar Radiation 70-75% Transmitted Upgoing Thermal Radiation 15-30% Transmitted Spectral Intensity 5525 K 210-310 K UV Visible Infrared 100+ 75- Percent 50- UT Total Absorption and Scattering 25 - 0 Water Vapor Carbon Dioxide Oxygen and Ozone Major Components Methane Nitrous Oxide Rayleigh Scattering 0.2 70 10 Wavelength (um)