How to create an abstract for the following The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between leadership style and mentoring competency for men and women faculty at a university in Southeastern Texas. This article is a review of the literature concerned with leadership effectiveness in higher education at departmental level. Surprisingly little systematic research has been conducted on the question of which forms of leadership are associated with departmental effectiveness. The analysis of the studies selected resulted in the identification of 3 forms of leader behaviour that are associated with departmental effectiveness. The findings are considered in relation to the notion of competency frameworks and, in the conclusion, their general implications are explored in relation to the notion of substitutes for leadership