How to respond to Ryans discussion below cite source style apa

Job order costing can be used by companies that produce custom manufactured goods. Some examples of companies that can use job order costing are custom furniture manufacturers, specialized machine manufacturers, and custom software developers. Construction companies, law firms, accounting firms, and advertising agencies can also utilize job order costing as their services are unique and tailored to each of their clients.

Process costing is used by companies that manufacture a large quantity of similar products, such as chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, and textile production. Process costing is also used by utility companies which provide a homogeneous and continuous service to many people.

Hybrid costing is used by companies who manufacture both custom products and mass-produced products. Some companies that utilize hybrid costing are furniture manufacturers that produce basic furniture along with custom designed furniture.

The advantages of job order costing are the detailed cost information it provides for each job, and the flexibility it provides for a wide array of customer requirements. The disadvantages of job order costing are the complexity of record-keeping and large administrative costs to maintain the detailed cost tracking.

The advantages of process costing are the simplicity and efficiency of cost tracking due to the uniformity of goods produced. The disadvantages of process costing are the inflexibility of process costing, making it less suitable for custom orders and the less detailed information it provides.

Dumping in global markets by U.S. firms has a large impact on both the company dumping and local markets in locations where the goods are dumped. Initially, dumping can increase revenue due to higher sales volume but reduce profit margins affecting gross profit and net income. Companies dumping in global markets can also face legal and regulatory penalties, increasing expenses and potentially offsetting any benefits they may have gained from dumping. Dumping can also harm a companies reputation leading to long-term harm for short-term financial benefit.