https://www.proquest.com/docview/993080575/abstract/E2A7E83D51BE4A57PQ/26?accountid=35812#:~:text=Leader%20Ethical%20Decision%2DMaking%20in,DOI%3A10.1007/s10551%2D012%2D1299%2D1

ABSTRACT- Article

Organizational leaders face environmental challenges and pressures that put them underethicalrisk. Navigating thisethicalrisk is demanding given the dynamics of contemporary organizations. Traditional models ofethicaldecision-making(EDM) are an inadequate framework for understanding how leaders respond toethicaldilemmas under conditions of uncertainty and equivocality. Sense-making models more accurately illustrate leader EDM and account for individual, social, and environmental constraints. Using the sense making approach as a foundation, previous EDM models are revised and extended to comprise a conceptual model of leader EDM. Moreover, the underlying factors in the model are highlighted--constraints and strategies. Four trainable, compensatory strategies (emotion regulation, self-reflection, forecasting, and information integration) are proposed and described that aid leaders in navigatingethicaldilemmas in organizations. Empirical examinations demonstrate that tactical application of the strategies may aid leaders inmakingsense of complex and ambiguousethicaldilemmas and promoteethicalbehavior. Compensatory tactics such as these should be central to organizational ethics initiatives at the leader level.

What is the essential information and logic of the author's article/argument?