HW6 New-1.sav [DataSet2] - IBM SPSS Statistics Data Editor X File Edit View Data Transform Analyze Graphs Utilities Extensions Window Help Q Search application & ID Visible: 3 of 3 Variable ph_baseline ph_followup var var var var var var var var var var var var 30 var var 26.80 2.90 15.10 1.20 23.60 00 21.60 4.00 6.80 2.20 18.60 60 16.90 1.40 15.90 1.90 37.40 10 10 .10 16.10 11 11 1.20 19.20 12 12 50 5.60 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Data View Variable View IBM SPSS Statistics Proce ady P-ON ClassicUsing an example from a study of adults with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), histologic changes in the esophagus were examined over time (Dunbar et al., 2016). Adults with GERD were followed over a period of two weeks while being required to be free of all proton-pump inhibitor medications (the "intervention"). A simulated subset of these data (n = 12) are presented in HW6.sav. One of the dependent variables was the percent time that pH levels dropped lower than 4 during 24-esophageal monitoring. Lower numbers are more desirable and represent LESS time in an unhealthy acidic state, and higher numbers are less desirable and represent MORE time in an unhealthy acidic state For this example, the null hypothesis is: There is no change in percent time with low ph levels from baseline to follow-up for patients with GERD. These data are presented in HW6.sav.Open in SPSS. Use the dataset to answer the following questions. Compute a paired samples t-test: baseline percent time with low pH levels versus followup percent time with low pH levels. 1. List numerator value. (Hint: No hand calculations are required for Q1 and 2. The values are found in the output]I 2. List the denominator value. To help with your calculations: the standard deviation of the difference scores = 3.83 3. Compute the ttest from above using SPSS. Paste the table containing the t value into your homework. 4. Is the t signicant at a=0.05? Specify how you arrived at your answer. 5. What is the exact likelihood of obtaining the calculated tvalue at least as extreme or as close to the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true? Report as a percentage. 6. Write your interpretation of the results of the paired samples t-test. as you would in an APA-formatted journal. H_e|p with Homework 6: Q4: This question is asking about the significance of the t value. There are two ways to answer this question: either compare the obtained t to the tabled t (specify the tabled t value in Appendix A], or compare the obtained p to an alpha of .05 {specify the obtained p value). Just like what is explained in Exercise 32