I am having a hard time determining if these are fixed-ratio or fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement.

1. Manuel is thinking about opening a new coffee shop, which will compete with the big companies in town, but he is not sure how to draw in the crowds. To start, he offers reward points. When customers come in, they get a star for every $5 they spend. Once they have spent $50, they receive a free medium drip coffee. Which schedule of reinforcement is Manuel using to lure in repeat business?

2. Dr. Lee notices his patients are not coming in for their routine visits on time. They often push them back, which causes backups at some time in the year (before school starts) and low numbers at other times of year (summer). He wants more consistent clientele and work, so he offers a 10% discount on his current rates if patients stick to their defined three appointments a year (every 3.3 months). Patients motivated by this discount are adhering to which schedule of reinforcement?