"I cannot give any scientist of any age better advice than this: the intensity of a conviction that a hypothesis is true has no bearing over whether it is true or not." - Peter Medawar

Give an example of sample hypothesis test (with null and alternative hypotheses) that is related to one of your work or life experiences. Then provide statements for both types of possible errors (Type I and Type II) in the context of your hypotheses.

For example:

H₀:My student did their work without help.

H₁:My student received help on their work.

Type I Error is rejecting the null when the null is true, a false positive.So, Type I in my scenario would be believing that my student received help when in fact, he did not. I would have falsely accused a student of cheating.

Type II Error is failing to reject the null when the null is false, a false negative.So, Type II in my scenario would be believing that my student did the homework without help when, in fact, he received help. The student would have gotten away with cheating.