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I. Define the following: 1. Microorganism 2. Chemo synthesis 3. Antibiotics 4. Vaccines 5. Methanogens 6. Retting 7. Fermentation Pasteurization 8. 9. Probiotics 10. Pathogens. II. Differentiate the following pairs: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. III. 1. Living and non-living characteristics of virus. Virion and prion. Pickling and sugaring. Lactobacillus acidophilus and E.coli bacteria. Citrus canker and common cold. Atrichous and Peritrichous. Give reasons for the following statements: Microorganisms are essential for agriculture. Algae are known as 'grass of water.' Microorganisms are called decomposers. 2. 3. 4. Microorganisms are referred to as pathogens. 5. Gut microbes are essential contributors for human health. 6. Rhizobium bacteria are essential for the growth of plants. IV. Write short notes on the following: 1. Define bacteria and explain its structure. 2. 3. 4. 5. V. 1. Explain the different types of bacteria based on their shape. Explain probiotics. Brief any five common human diseases caused by microorganisms. Write a note on protozoa and its types. Draw and label the following: Bacteriophage 2. Bacterial cell structure 3. Amoeba 4. 5. Paramecium VI. Practical: 1. Observation of yeast cell. Chlamydomonas I. Define the following: 1. Phyto plankton 2. Single cell protein 3. Mycelium 4. Haustoria 5. Saprophytes 6. Rhizoid 7. Pteridophytes 8. Coniferales 9. Angiosperm 10. Taxonomy 11. Binomial nomenclature II. 1. 2. 3. 4. III. 1. 2. Differentiate the following pairs: Algae and Fungi. Cycadales and Ginkgoales. Monocotyledons and Dicotyledons. Artificial and Natural system of classification. Give reasons for the following statements: Algae and fungi belongs to Thallophyta. Fungi are heterotrophs. Fungi are placed as third kingdom of classification. Bryophytes are called amphibians of plant Kingdom. Gymnosperms are naked seeded plants Algae are called autotrophs. 7. Pteridophytes are vascular Cryptogams. 3. 4 5. 6. IV. Write short notes on the following: 1. Economic importance of algae. 2 Classification of Bryophytes. 3. 4. 5. Differences between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. Economic importance of Gymnosperm. Write a note on medicinal plants. V. Practical: 1. Bread mould. 2. Fermentation of sugar by yeast.