I don't understand the circled ones

Daniel and Jan agreed to pay $560, 000 for a four-bedroom colonial home in Waltham, payment. They have a 30-year mortgage at a fixed rate of 6.00%. (a) How much is their monthly payment? (b) After the first payment, what would be the balance of the principal? LU 18-1(2), LU 18-2(1) You can save a significant amount of mortgage interest paid if you make one additional principal and interest payment a year. This will reduce a 30-year mortgage by around 6 years. It also increases your equity in the home faster. If you choose to pay one additional mortgage payment a year by paying 1/12 of it each month (make certain to note the extra money is to reduce principal), how much will you pay each month for mortgage of $150, 000 at 3 1/2 % for 20 years? LU 18-l(2) Sharon Fox decided to buy a home in Marblehead, Massachusetts, for $275, 000. Her bank requires a 30% down payment. Sue Willis, an attorney, has notified Sharon that besides the 30% down payment there will be the following additional costs Recording of the deed $ 30.00 A credit and appraisal report 155.00 Preparation of appropriate documents 48.00 In addition, there will be a transfer tax of 1.8% of the purchase price and a loan origination fee of 25% of the mortgage amount. Assume a 30-year mortgage at a rate of 10%. LU 18-1(2, 3) a. What is the initial amount of cash Sharon will need? b What is her monthly payment? c. What is the total cost of interest over the life of the mortgage