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-The "Allegory of the Cave" is a notion coined by Plato to contemplate the nature of belief vs. knowledge. According to the metaphor, there are inmates chained together in a cave. A fire is behind the inmates, while individuals holding puppets or other things stand between the fire and the prisoners. This results in creating a shadow on the opposite side of the wall. The captives observe these shadows as if they were genuine.

-Platonic idealism is a broad philosophical perspective that derives both directly and indirectly from the works of Greek philosopher Plato. It asserts that the true nature of occurrences in our world can only be discovered via contemplation of their ideal forms or abstract essences. Such knowledge is attained by the logical mind or nous, not through the senses or comprehension. Plato established a philosophical system in The Republic on the primary thesis that the objects of this world are shadows or reflections of their ideal forms living in a transcendent realm beyond time and space.

-The "Allegory of the Cave" is a notion coined by Plato to contemplate the nature of belief vs. knowledge. According to the metaphor, there are inmates chained together in a cave. A fire is behind the inmates, while individuals holding puppets or other things stand between the fire and the prisoners. This results in creating a shadow on the opposite side of the wall. The captives observe these shadows as if they were genuine. Plato asserts that a single prisoner may be set free. Finally, he notices the fire and understands the shadows are not real. This prisoner may escape the cave and find a whole new world they were previously ignorant of.

This prisoner would think that the outside world is far more accurate than the subterranean world. He would attempt to return in order to release the other inmates. He gets blinded upon his return due to his eyes being unaccustomed to natural sunshine. The chained inmates would see this blindness and think they would suffer damage if they attempted to exit the cave.

The term "Platonic idealism" is a misconception since Plato's philosophy of ideas is a sort of realism.-Platonic idealism is a broad philosophical perspective that derives both directly and indirectly from the works of Greek philosopher Plato. It asserts that the true nature of occurrences in our world can only be discovered via contemplation of their ideal forms or abstract essences. Such knowledge is to be attained by the logical mind or nous, not through the senses or comprehension. Plato established a philosophical system in The Republic on the primary thesis that the objects of this world are shadows or reflections of their ideal forms living in a transcendent realm beyond time and space. This realm is the "true" world because the forms that compose it are flawless and everlasting, in contrast to the objects of our world, which are susceptible to change, deterioration, and restriction.

Aristotle was an ancient Greek philosopher who laid the groundwork for Western philosophy's symbolic logic and scientific reasoning. He also made significant contributions to the field of philosophy known as metaphysics, moving away from the idealism of his master Plato and toward a more scientific and less mystical interpretation of reality's essence. Aristotle was the first philosopher to significantly construct a theory of Virtue Ethics, which is still recognized seriously by current philosophers as one of the three primary schools of ethical thinking. He may have been the most influential philosopher in history with all of these accomplishments until the late 18th century. Aristotle's ethics are close to Plato's in that they are agent-centered, with the moral actor determining the appropriate moral conduct. Aristotle believed that no set of laws or appeal to consequences could ever provide an individual with the proper guidance for responding to all circumstances. His ethical perspective was generally ignored throughout the medieval period when it was considered that ethics were founded on God's will. During the early modern period, more materialistic conceptions of ethics started to challenge religious notions.

The Great Philosophers Plato and Aristotle

PlatoandAristotle, the ancient Greek philosophers, may seem to be the typical Dead White Males, yet they are very much alive. They established the foundations of Western society twenty-four centuries ago. Their ideas and insights continue to shape important aspects of our lives today, from what we eat to what we see on the Internet.

Forget the right brain/left brain dichotomy: research disproved it years ago. Furthermore, do not even get me started on Men From Mars and Women From Venus. The true schism that determines our lives, relationships, and civilization is between our inner Plato and Aristotle.

Plato was a normal playboy from a wealthy, well-connected Athenian family until he encountered a man called Socrates, who taught him that reasoned reflection was the surest way to knowledge. Being a "lover of wisdom" or philosopher was the best form of existence.

Plato taught his pupils that we all wish to be a part of something greater, transcendent reality of which the world we see is just a tiny portion that combines all things into a single harmonious whole. He said that we all desire to emerge from the cave of darkness and ignorance and walk in the light of truth.

"There is no alternative path to pleasure," Plato concluded, "for society or the individual."

On the other hand, Plato's most talented student came to an entirely different conclusion. Aristotle acquired the significance of observation and hands-on experience as a child growing up in a family of Greek doctors. We do not live in a cave, he said Plato, but in the actual world. Aristotle said that "facts are the beginning point of all knowledge." Rather than trusting his teacher's conviction in pure contemplation, Aristotle asserted that our journey to knowledge is via rational, systematic investigation of the world around us and the truths that comprise it.

"How does it work?" Aristotle wonders. "Why does it exist at all?" Plato wonders.

"What do you want your universe to be?" Plato asks. "How do you fit into the universe that already exists?" Aristotle wonders.

Plato inquires, "What is your dream?" "Wake up and smell the coffee," Aristotle responds.

Two opposing worldviews; one heated argument. Furthermore, here are five key things we can take away from each of them. (1) Plato taught over two thousand years ago that every human soul yearns for a higher, purer, and more spiritual truth that would enlighten our lives and improve our planet. That has made him the chief spokesman for every religious mystic and every believer in a supernatural reality the West has ever produced, but also for poets (whose works, he says, "are not of man or human workmanship, but are divine and from the gods"), artists, and musicians, not to mention soulmates who are also lovers (there is a reason it is called Platonic love)., (2) Aristotle, on the other hand, said that the light of truth might be found in the material world. It is our responsibility to comprehend and discover our position in it. That made him the father of Western science (he produced the first books on everything from biology and physics to astronomy and psychology) and technology. A paragon of rational linear thinking, in contrast to Plato's belief in the significance of intuitive leaps of imagination, (3) The entire history of Western civilization has been a great struggle between these two ways of seeing the world, and this includes not only in every society but within ourselves: the constant tension between our inner Plato and inner Aristotle, our material and logical halves versus our spiritual and creative halves; this plays out every day, in every way, in everything we do, (4) Today, Aristotle is regarded as the godfather of the Internet, entrepreneurial ventures, and e-commerce: as he said in his Politics, the whole goal of society is to allow each individual "to obtain a higher and better existence by the mutual interchange of their various services." Plato, on the other hand, talks to the environmentalist who wants to conserve the world; who understands the Big Picture and wants to "think globally, act locally"the bumper sticker Plato would most appreciate, and (5) Plato and Aristotle are also influential in personal interactions. Finding the proper match or date may be as much about finding someone who balances our inner Plato or Aristotle as it is about compatibility or common interestsperhaps even more so. That is certainly true for my wife and me; we have been happily married for twenty-six years. She is an artist and writer, but her instincts are Aristotelian, while mine is Platonic (although a secret Aristotle wannabe).

That is acceptable to us. Others may find that a pair of Platonists spends too much time pondering the Eternal to accomplish anything. In contrast, a pair of Aristotelians has a penchant for getting into workaholic routines.

As a result, be forewarned. "To obtain any certain understanding of the soul is one of the most difficult things in the universe," remarked Aristotle.

References:

1. https://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/plato

2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Aristotle

3. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Plato

4. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/greek-philosophers/

5. https://www.dummies.com/article/body-mind-spirit/philosophy/philosophers/socrates-plato-and-aristotle-the-big-three-in-greek-philosophy-199341

6. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aristotle/

7. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/world-history/ancient-medieval/classical-greece/v/socrates-plato-aristotle

8. http://www.historyguide.org/ancient/lecture8b.html

9. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-communications/chapter/history-of-public-speaking/

10. https://www.invaluable.com/blog/famous-philosophers/