I need an explanation on how to complete the lab. My roster number is 9.

Dear Students. Please study the theoretical pro-lab materials, check the recomnnmded educational website and You'Ihbe videos given below, and try to follow the step-hy-step instruction. If you still have any questions regarding this lab, I will also be available by Skype, Zoom.com video conference or email during our regular class time and beyond in order to provide all the necessary assistance and guidance. Please contact me at \"with any questions, but please. keep in mind that it might take me some considerable time to respond, especially if I receive too many messages at the same time. 1 Theory Mechanical energy is the sum of the potential and kinetic energies in a system. The principle of the. conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanical energy in a system (i.e., the sum of the potential plus kinetic energies) remains constant as long as the only forces acting are conservative forces. Normally, all forces acting on our system are conservative as long as there is no friction. 1.1 Types of mechanical energy In mechanics problems, we are likely to encounter systems containing kinetic energy HE = gull/2. (1) where m. is the mass of our object and V is its speed {disregarding of the direction]. Generally speaking, the kinetic energy is the energy of the motion and it disappears if the speed of our object is zero. W'e will also often encounter gravitational potential energy PE\" = mgh. (2) where h is the elevation of our object from a fixed zero level. Only the vertical component, or the height of our object contributed to its gravitational potential energy, not its horizontal position. W'e might also need to account for the elastic spring potential energy of a compressed or stretched spring with spring constant 1.? PE, = $113172 , (3) where :1: is the displacement of the end of the spring from its equilibrium position. There might be a few other exotic types of potential energy, such as the energy of an electromagnetic field, or the potential energy due to a buoyant forces if such elds and forces are present, which will not be the case for our lab. 1.2 Conservation of the mechanical energy As we mentioned above. the mechanical energy is conserved if the friction forces acting on our system are negligible. Let. us consider a cart moving along a frictionless track, as shoer at Fig. 1 KE PE KE KE Figure 1: Conservation of mechanical energy (potential + kinetic) on a track. The bar charts show the amount of the potential and kinetic energies in different points of the track. Its potential energy PE = mgh depends only on its vertical position h along the track. If the total energy is conserved PE(h) + KE(v) = Etot = const , (4) the kinetic of the cart could be found as KE = Etot - mgh , (5) where the total energy of the cart is equal to its potential energy at the highest point, where the cart is not moving and, therefore, its kinetic energy is zero Etot = PE(hmaz) = mghmaz . (6) Once the kinetic energy K'E of our cart is known, its speed could be found from the definition of kinetic energy (1) as V = 2KE m (7 ) If the energy is conserved, the potential energy is transferred to the kinetic and back so that the potential energy in the lowest point of the track is zero, and the total energy is equal to the potential one. If the friction force is present, the work of friction is negative and proportional to the distance which our cart has traveled along the track Wj = fdcost = -fd, (8) where f is the friction force. The total energy keeps constantly decreasing while our cart is moving along the track until it comes to a full stop. 2 Useful resources 2.1 Educational websites . https://www. siyavula. com/read/science/grade-10/mechanical-energy/22-mechanical-energy-05 . https://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Conservation_of_energy . https://cnx. org/contents/MymQBhVV@175. 5: N-ly1_0_02/Conservation-of-mechanical-energy2.2 YouTube videos . https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=AnulWOZX7-Q . https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=hce4pncZ114&t=445s . https://www. youtube. com/watch?v=_DwG8fukuj4 and many-many others available online. 3 Procedure 1. Open our present online lab by clicking on https://phet . colorado . edu/sims/html/energy-skate-park-basics/latest/energy-skate-park-ba: en . html Choose Intro window on the left. Now, your screen should look in the following way O Pie Chart O Bar Graph O Grid O Speed Mass L . Slow Motion Normal Restart Skater Energy Skate Park: Basics PHET. = Figure 2: (Color online) To be used for Step 1. 2. You should see a skater standing on the ground next to the track. To begin our experiment, drag the skater onto the top left part of the track and release him. The skater will demonstrate periodic motion along the track, up and down, and so forth. 3. Make your prediction for the following . How does the potential energy PE(h) and kinetic energy KE(h) change from the highest to the lowest point of the skater's trajectory?4. Enable all the cheekmarks Pie Chart, Bar Chart; Grid and Speed( 8 Speed , 8 Bar Graph [El and B Pie Chart . )in the top right corner of your screen, which will now look as Figure 3: (Color online) To be used for Step 4. 5. Based on your observation, answer the following questions: a How does mechanical energy change with time? o How you determine the kinetic energy KE? 6. Consider the mass of a skater to be m1 = 30 kg, calculate its potential energy at h = 6 m, 5 m, 4m, 3m, 2m 1m and 0 using Eq. 2. Record your results in Table 1 Height h, m 6' 5| 4' 3 2| 1 0 Pew), J Table 1. Potential energy of the skater as a function of his/ her height on the track. 7. Using Eq. (6) calculate the total energy of the skater equal to their potential energy at the initial point with h = 6m. 8. Based on the conservation of mechanical energy expressed in Eq. (5). calculate the kinetic energy of the skater at points h = 67:1, 5m, 4m, 3m, 2m. 1m. and 0. Calculate the speed of the skater from its known kinetic energy KE by Eq. 7. Add your results to Table 2 __ Table 2. Kinetic energy and velocity of the skater as a function of his/her height on the track. 9. Based on the. date from Table 2, prepare a graph for the kinetic energy KE for the skater at various positions. Make sure it is large and legible. ll]. Press Restart skater button in the lower right corner of your screen to release them from their initial \"Mm\". position. Use the M ess- slider EH on the right to choose a relatively small (close the. the left margin) mass of the skater. Use the speedometer ; ' to experimentally determine the speed of the skater at the previously considered positions. Add your results to Table 3 Height h, m 6 5 l 4 l 3 2 l 1 (l K'J'pa \"1/",- l l I Table 3. Experimentally determined speed of the skater as a function of his/her height on the track. 11. Compare your theoretical results for the skater's speed obtained in Step 8 with the corresponding experimental data from the previous Step 10. For three points with h. = 5m, h. = 3m and h = 2m, calculate the percent error as iI/ex']! _ Vi 541('11'01' = 2 m - 100%. (9) 4 Lab Report I am not going to demand any specic format or presentation style of your lab reports. This is completely up to you: you can type it in MS \\Vord, Latex, online Google documents. you (:anjust scan the handwritten notes or even take the pictures on your phone. However, it is crucial that you: 1. Do and properly explain all Steps which are printed in bold font in the Procedure section. Each such Step or a task (printed in Bold in you manual] should he properly addressed in your lab report in all detail. 2. Provide sample calculations which include all the equations, numbers and units for every calcu- lation which you have performed for your lab experiment. Sample calculations means that you don't need to repeat it in all detail if the same calculation is performed multiple. times, such as filling a table for different values of a parameter. However. you will still need to do the calculation each time and put in the results into the table. 3. Conclusions, or main physics learning points from this experiment. Here, you should briefly discuss which laws of physics you have learned and experimentally tested. what kind(s) of phenomena you have dealt with, as well as your calculations and mathematical equations. Is this experiment helpful for your science education in general and why'.' Discuss the precision of your results and the percent errors. make. any other comments you might think of (no one will he. penalized for making critical cormnents regarding our course]. This section should not exceed 15 lines. Here, I will specically value its originality, your own words and thoughts which are not copied from a textbook or someone else's report. 5 Also, there are no specific requirements regarding the size of your lab report and, in fact. you cannot nd a professor who wants to receive and grade ISO-page reports but all the questions need to be answered completely and in a lot of cases your score depends directly on the amount of relevant and original information which you provide within a specic response. The report should be submitted to Blackboard as an Assignment on or before the posted date or (as an exception, if the Blackboard submission system failed) sent by email to