Answered step by step
Verified Expert Solution
Question
1 Approved Answer
I need Part B in the analysis done (questions 1-4). Part B's data is shown with the table. Lab 6 ENERGY CONSERVATION OF A SPRING-MASS
I need Part B in the analysis done (questions 1-4). Part B's data is shown with the table.
Lab 6 ENERGY CONSERVATION OF A SPRING-MASS SYSTEM OBJECTIVE: to determine the spring constant of a spring-mass system and to verify the law of conservation of energy in an oscillating spring. INTRODUCTION: The isochronous behavior of a pendulum was observed by Galileo in 1637. He immediately saw that such a device could serve as the basis for a clock. Christian Huygens designed and built a clock based on this behavior. The improvement in clock performance was spectacular, down from a variation of 15 minutes per day to 15 seconds per day. This improvement would not allow this new clock to be used on shipboard. Its design would not work for a pocket watch. Here is where Robert Hooke makes his entrance by designing a watch based on a spring. Watches based on Hooke's Law governed the development for timepieces for the following 250 years. In the case of a swinging pendulum, there is a continuous exchange between potential energy and kinetic energy. The same concept is true in this laboratory exercise. An oscillating mass falls under the influence of gravity. The oscillation is entirely vertical whereas in the pendulum, the oscillation is along the arc of a circle. We will study the behavior of a spring- mass system in comparison to a pendulum in an upcoming harmonic motion lab. In this experiment we will compare the two forms of potential energy as a test of the law of conservation of energy. We will use a spring system where mass oscillates about a midpoint where the tension in the spring given by the equation F = -ky is equal to the force of gravity acting on the mass. (Fw is the weight) Fw = mg. At the top of oscillation, the mass has maximum gravitational potential energy where Gravitational PEmax = mgy. At the bottom of oscillation, the mass has maximum elastic potential energy where Elastic PEmax=(1/2 ky?). EQUIPMENT: Ring stand Spring scale Right angle clamp Washers 100 g and 200 g masses Measuring tapePROCEDURE: PART A: Determination of spring constant k 1. Attach the right angle clamp to the top of the ring stand. 2. Hang the spring scale from the end of the clamp. 3. Tape the cm side of the measuring tape along the side of the spring. Use a reference point (where you would be measuring spring elongation relative to) as the part of the spring attached to the internal frame of the scale, as shown in the photo below. 0.3 em 1.ocm 1. 5 code 4. Hang masses from the hook. Use a combination of washers and the black masses. For example, start with 5 washers, then add 5 more, etc. For each mass, record the spring elongation. 5. Record at least 8 readings. Mass (g) and elongation (cm) should be in a data table. PART B: Energy transformation in a spring For this part you will be using your phone to record video of a mass oscillating on the spring in order to measure its maximum elongation. 1. Hang the 100 g mass from the spring scale. 2. Set up your phone so that it is viewing the spring. Make sure you are zoomed in enough to just view the range of motion of the spring. 3. Use your hand to push the mass back up to the spring's undeflected position (reference). Start recording. Then release the mass, let it oscillate a couple of times, and stop recording. 4. Replay the video. After the mass was released, play the video frame by frame to determine the lowest position of the mass after its first descent. Record this y value. . 5. Repeat the above process for 2 heavier masses: 200 g and 300 g.ANALYSIS: PART A: 1. Use Newton's Second Law to convert all masses into vertical force. Create a new table (can use Excel) with mass (kg), F(N), y(m). 2. Plot force on the y-axis and elongation y on the x-axis. Label both axes with appropriate titles and units. This graph describes the mathematical relationship known as Hooke's Law, which is: F = -ky. (1) Fis the linear restoring force ( = mg), k is the spring constant and y is the elongation of the spring. 3. Fit a linear trendline to the data and record the slope of the line as the spring constant, k. Also include the appropriate units of this spring constant. 4. Copy and paste your tables and graph into your lab report. PART B: 1. Present all data collected from the Part B procedure in a data table. Make sure it is included in your lab report. 2. Use Eq. (1) to calculate the work done to stretch the spring from y1 to yz . W = U ELASTIC = 1/2 k (v2 - 1?) (1) Where y, is the original reference position (before dropping) and yz is the value of maximum elongation after initially releasing the mass. Use the value of k from Part A. 3. Use Eq. (2) to calculate the loss in gravitational potential energy. U GRAVITATIONAL = mg(v2 - VI) (2) 4. The above calculations can be done in Excel or Google Sheets. Don't forget that if they are you must also show a sample hand calculation of each. Also don't forget to convert all variables to their proper units prior to performing the calculations. Create one additional column in your data table (m, yz-y1, Uel, Ugrav) of the % difference between the elastic and gravitational energy and calculate this value.DISCUSSION OF DATA ANALYSIS QUESTIONS: 1. Give the experimentally calculated spring constant k and the units. Based on the closeness of the data points to the trendline that was fit to them, how accurate do you think this value is? Discuss reasons why the relationship might not have been perfectly linear. Overall, is this a suitable technique for measuring this property of a spring? 2. If a spring has a larger k value than the one found in this experiment, is it more stiff or less stiff? Explain. 3. What should be the relationship between gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy? Do your results from Part B support this? If not, what was the percent difference between the two energies? 4. Do you think one of the energy terms was more accurately determined than the other? If so, which one and why?I U . abe X2 X A Normal No Spacing Heading 1 Heading 2 Title Subtitle To keep up-to-date with security updates, fixes, and improvements, choose Check for Updates. Check Procedure: + Part A Data Table: Masses/Washers Mass (g) Spring Elongation (cm) 5 washers 30 0.6 130 1.5 W N P 5 washers + 100g 5 washers + 100g + 200g 335 4.0 100g 100 1.2 200g 200 2.3 5 washers + 200g 230 2.6 10 washers 60 0.7 10 washers + 100g 160 1.4 Part B Data Table: Weight Oscillation (g) Y-value (g) 100 120 200 240 300 480 Analysis:I abe X2 X2 A . Normal No Spacing Heading 1 Heading 2 Title Subtitle o keep up-to-date with security updates, fixes, and improvements, choose Check for Updates. Ch Analysis: Part A: Mass F(N)=mg (g=9.8m/s?) Spring Elongation y(m) 0.03 0.294 0.006 0.13 1.274 0.01274 0.335 3.283 0.03283 0.1 0.98 0.0098 0.2 1.96 0.0196 0.23 2.254 0.02254 0.06 0.588 0.00588 0.16 1.568 0.01568Normal No Spacing Heading 1 Heading 2 ice Update To keep up-to-date with security updates, fixes, and improvements, choose Check for Updates. Verfication of Hooke's Law 3.5 w y = 105x - 0.1164 2.5 2 Force F(N) 1.5 0.5 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025 0.03 0.035 Elongation y(m)Step by Step Solution
There are 3 Steps involved in it
Step: 1
Get Instant Access to Expert-Tailored Solutions
See step-by-step solutions with expert insights and AI powered tools for academic success
Step: 2
Step: 3
Ace Your Homework with AI
Get the answers you need in no time with our AI-driven, step-by-step assistance
Get Started