Identify the legal concept of negligence, and discuss the elements necessary to establish a negligence cause of action, as discussed in the text. Be sure to pay particular attention to the issues of causation, foreseeability, proximate cause, and the defenses one may have to a negligence lawsuit, as evidenced in Palsgraf v. Long Island Railroad Co., 248 N.Y. 339, 162 N.E. 99 (1928).