If a stock went up from $68.90 to $82.26 last month, and the S&P500 (representing the market) went down from 3,600 to 3,280 last month, what would be the implied beta for the stock (if this is the only information you have)? a. -0.46 b. -0.60 c. -1.31 d. -1.66 e. -2.18