IFRS permits valuation of long-term debt and other liabilities at:

A. present value discounted at the firm's cost of capital. B. current market values of the obligations, based on changes in the discount rates, with gains and losses reflected in a separate account in stockholders' equity. C. fair value with gains and losses on changes in fair values that are not due to the change in the firms own credit risk recorded in net income. D. historical costs without reflecting changes in valuation, as obligations will be retired at their maturity date.