Illustration 4 The mean of a certain production process is known to be 50 with a standard deviation of 2.5. The production manager may welcome any change is mean value towards higher side but would like to safeguard against decreasing values of mean. He takes a sample of 12 items that gives a mean value of 48.5. What inference should the manager take for the production process on the basis of sample results? Use 5 per cent level of significance for the purpose.