Imagine that your class at York University starts at 12 pm. By 12:15 pm, half of the students have arrived, the other half of the students are late. The instructor locks the door so that half of the students are in the classroom and the other are now outside. The students who arrived early are told by the instructor to grab a cupcake and to start eating before class "officially starts." The door to the classroom has a window in it, so students often will taunt the other students who are locked out. Once the students in the classroom finish eating the instructor opens the door for the other students, and says, "I wondered where everyone was." Throughout the experiment, the instructor will call this group the "late" and the first group the "early" group. This frustrates the late students even more. The instructor starts the class and tells everyone that the school is conducting psychological research which requires to have a "testing environment." The instructor tells the class "I am going to prove that the consumption of cupcakes increases memory in students." The students that were given cupcakes are given the following list of words that are in a sentence and an answer sheet numbered 1 to 16: Word list (the "early" or cupcake group): 1. Students 2. Recall 3. Ability 4. Is 5. Influenced 6. By 7. Grouping 8. Familiar 9. Phrases 10. Together 11. Into 12. Memory 13. Area 14. Of 15. Your 16. Brain to an end, the instructor tells them, "When you're ready, flip the paper over and write as many words as ING