In 1898, a scientist at Brown University collected data on unconscious sparrows that were brought to his laboratory after a severe winter storm. Some of the sparrows were revived, but others died. The tables provided gives the total length measurements (in millimeters, from tip of the beak to tip of the tail) for the 24 adult male sparrows that died and the 35 adult male sparrows that lived. Don't worry; you don't have to copy-and-paste anything.

This scientist was interested in determining if the length of a sparrow had an effect on whether a sparrow lived or died.

a. Is this an observational study or an experiment? Explain.

b. What is the explanatory variable? Is it qualitative or quantitative?

c. [1 point] What is the response variable? Is it qualitative or quantitative?

d. The scientist ran a hypothesis test. What hypotheses should they have used? Give the hypotheses in words, and also give them using correct symbols.

e. Explain what a type I error would mean in the context of this problem.

sparrows that lived, length in mm 153 158 160 154 159 160 154 159 160 155 159 161 156 159 161 156 159 161 157 160 161 157 160 162 158 160 163 158 160 165 158 160 166 158 160 sparrows that died, length in mm 156 162 158 162 160 162 160 162 160 163 161 163 161 164 161 165 161 165 161 165 162 166 162 1