In 1997, WXZ corp. issued a 9% bond with face value of $1,000 and a 30 year maturity. The bond was issued with a price of $980 and was rated BB by Standard & Poors. Approximately what was the yield to maturity in 1997 when the bond was first issued?

(a) the yield to maturity was above 9%

(b) the yield to maturity was equal to 9%

(c) the yield to maturity was below 9%

(d) it is impossible to tell from the information given